What is the difference between char * const and const char

Difference between char* and const char*? - Stack Overflow Resultsfromthe2022DeveloperSurveyarenowavailable Home Public Questions Tags Users Companies Collectives ExploreCollectives Teams StackOverflowforTeams –Startcollaboratingandsharingorganizationalknowledge. CreateafreeTeam WhyTeams? Teams CreatefreeTeam Collectives™onStackOverflow Findcentralized,trustedcontentandcollaboratearoundthetechnologiesyouusemost. Learnmore Teams Q&Aforwork Connectandshareknowledgewithinasinglelocationthatisstructuredandeasytosearch. Learnmore Whatisthedifferencebetweenchar*constandconstchar*? AskQuestion Asked 13years,1monthago Modified 2years,6monthsago Viewed 234ktimes 344 196 What'sthedifferencebetween: char*const and constchar* cpointersconstants Share Follow editedNov27,2012at15:46 amiregelz 1,67777goldbadges2323silverbadges3939bronzebadges askedMay20,2009at22:16 LB.LB. 13.1k2323goldbadges6565silverbadges102102bronzebadges 5 4 PossibleduplicateofWhatisthedifferencebetweenconstint*,constint*const,andintconst*? – emlai Feb14,2016at13:07 13 Thefirstthingtotheleftofthe"const"iswhat'sconstant.If"const"isthethingthefarthesttotheleft,thenthefirstthingtotherightofitiswhat'sconstant. – Cupcake Jul31,2016at4:43 8 Asafriendlytip,neverforgetthatcdeclisathing. – BradenBest Jun16,2018at7:42 Thereisanothercharconst*whichisthereturntypeofexception::what() – Zhang Jul22,2019at3:14 2 ISOC++FAQ:What’sthedifferencebetween“constX*p”,“X*constp”and“constX*constp”? – legends2k Sep21,2020at16:25 Addacomment  |  19Answers 19 Sortedby: Resettodefault Highestscore(default) Trending(recentvotescountmore) Datemodified(newestfirst) Datecreated(oldestfirst) 430 Thedifferenceisthatconstchar*isapointertoaconstchar,whilechar*constisaconstantpointertoachar. Thefirst,thevaluebeingpointedtocan'tbechangedbutthepointercanbe.Thesecond,thevaluebeingpointedatcanchangebutthepointercan't(similartoareference). Thereisalsoa constchar*const whichisaconstantpointertoaconstantchar(sonothingaboutitcanbechanged). Note: Thefollowingtwoformsareequivalent: constchar* and charconst* TheexactreasonforthisisdescribedintheC++standard,butit'simportanttonoteandavoidtheconfusion.Iknowseveralcodingstandardsthatprefer: charconst over constchar (withorwithoutpointer)sothattheplacementoftheconstelementisthesameaswithapointerconst. Share Follow editedFeb28,2014at12:02 answeredMay20,2009at22:21 workmad3workmad3 24.6k44goldbadges3434silverbadges5656bronzebadges 9 9 Woulditbeworthwhiletonotewhathappensifmultiplevariablesarespecifiedinthesamedeclaration?Ibelieveconstint*foo,*bar;woulddeclarebothfooandbartobeintconst*,butintconst*foo,*barwoulddeclarefootobeaintconst*andbartobeint*.Ithinktypedefint*intptr;constintptrfoo,bar;woulddeclarebothvariablestobeint*const;Idon'tknowanywaytouseacombineddeclarationtocreatetwovariablesofthattypewithoutatypedef. – supercat Apr12,2013at21:57 2 @supercatIbelieveconstint*foo,*bar;woulddeclarebothfooandbartobeintconst*:Yes.butintconst*foo,*barwoulddeclarefootobeaintconst*andbartobeint*:No!Itwouldbeexactlythesameasthepreviouscase.(Seeideone.com/RsaB7nwhereyougetthesameerrorforbothfooandbar).Ithinktypedefint*intptr;constintptrfoo,bar;woulddeclarebothvariablestobeint*const:Yes.Idon'tknowanywaytouseacombineddeclarationtocreatetwovariablesofthattypewithoutatypedef:Well,int*constfoo,*constbar;.Cdeclaratorsyntax... – gx_ Aug28,2013at18:35 @gx_:SoIwaswrong--myuncertaintywaswhyIsuggestedthatitmightbehelpfultosaywhattherulesare.Whatwouldintconst*foo,*volatilebardotobar?Makeitbothconstandvolatile?ImissPascal'scleanseparationofdeclared-variablenamesandtheirtypes(apointertoanarrayofpointerstointegerswouldbevarfoo:^Array[3..4]of^Integer;`.That'dbesomefunnynestedparenthesizedthinginC,Ithink. – supercat Aug28,2013at18:54 4 @supercat(oh,C-only,sorryfortheC++codelink,IgotherefromaC++question)It'sallabouttheCdeclarationsyntax,witha("pure")typepartfollowedbyadeclarator.In"intconst*foo,*volatilebar"thetypepartisintconst(stopsbeforethe*)andthedeclaratorsare*foo(theexpression*foowilldenoteanintconst)and*volatilebar;readingright-to-left(goodruleforcv-qualifiers),fooisapointertoaconstint,andbarisavolatilepointertoaconstint(thepointeritselfisvolatile,thepointedintis[accessedas]const). – gx_ Aug28,2013at21:23 1 @supercatAndasfor"apointertoanarrayofpointerstointegers"(Idon'tknowPascal,notsureaboutthe[3..4]syntax,solet'stakeanarrayof10elements):int*(*foo)[10];.Itmirrorsits(future)useasanexpression:*(*foo)[i](withianintegerintherange[0,10)i.e.[0,9])willfirstdereferencefootogetatthearray,thenaccesstheelementatindexi(becausepostfix[]bindstighterthanprefix*),thendereferencethiselement,finallyyieldinganint(seeideone.com/jgjIjR).Buttypedefmakesiteasier(seeideone.com/O3wb7d). – gx_ Aug28,2013at21:25  |  Show4morecomments 130 Toavoidconfusion,alwaysappendtheconstqualifier. int*mutable_pointer_to_mutable_int; intconst*mutable_pointer_to_constant_int; int*constconstant_pointer_to_mutable_int; intconst*constconstant_pointer_to_constant_int; Share Follow answeredMay21,2009at0:08 diapirdiapir 2,66211goldbadge1717silverbadges2424bronzebadges 12 11 Why?"Toavoidconfusion"doesn'texplainwhattheconfusionistome. – AndrewWeir Nov20,2013at11:48 20 @Andrew:Iwashintingatconsistencyandthusreadability.Writingalltypequalifierssotheymodifywhat'sontheirleft,always,iswhatIuse. – diapir Nov20,2013at14:31 2 Actuallyit'sthebestansweronthesubjectI'vefoundinSO – Trap Apr22,2014at15:51 8 Asacodestandard,Ihaverarelyencounteredthisstyleandsoamnotlikelytoadoptit.Howeverasalearningtool,thisanswerwasveryhelpful!(SoIguesstoobadthisisn'tmorecommonstyle.) – natevw Sep29,2014at21:33 10 @Alla:pdoesn'trelatetothetype:(constint*const).Forbetterorworse(worseifyouaskme)theconstqualifier,bothinCandC++,ismeanttobepostfix:cfconstmemberfunctionvoidfoo(inta)const;.Thepossibilitytodeclareconstintistheexceptionratherthantherule. – diapir Apr9,2015at7:17  |  Show7morecomments 57 constalwaysmodifiesthethingthatcomesbeforeit(totheleftofit),EXCEPTwhenit'sthefirstthinginatypedeclaration,whereitmodifiesthethingthatcomesafterit(totherightofit). Sothesetwoarethesame: intconst*i1; constint*i2; theydefinepointerstoaconstint.Youcanchangewherei1andi2points,butyoucan'tchangethevaluetheypointat. This: int*consti3=(int*)0x12345678; definesaconstpointertoanintegerandinitializesittopointatmemorylocation12345678.Youcanchangetheintvalueataddress12345678,butyoucan'tchangetheaddressthati3pointsto. Share Follow answeredMay20,2009at22:36 DonMcCaugheyDonMcCaughey 9,05233goldbadges2929silverbadges3636bronzebadges 0 Addacomment  |  26 constchar*isapointertoaconstantcharacter char*constisaconstantpointertoacharacter constchar*constisaconstantpointertoaconstantcharacter Share Follow editedJan13,2012at15:19 answeredMay20,2009at22:20 AndrewColesonAndrewColeson 9,91288goldbadges3030silverbadges3030bronzebadges 0 Addacomment  |  23 const*charisinvalidCcodeandismeaningless.Perhapsyoumeanttoaskthedifferencebetweenaconstchar*andacharconst*,orpossiblythedifferencebetweenaconstchar*andachar*const? Seealso: Whatareconstpointers(asopposedtopointerstoconstobjects)? ConstinC DifferencebetweenconstdeclarationsinC++ C++constquestion WhycanIchangethevaluesofaconstchar*variable? Share Follow editedJun20,2020at9:12 CommunityBot 111silverbadge answeredMay20,2009at22:22 AdamRosenfieldAdamRosenfield 376k9696goldbadges502502silverbadges583583bronzebadges 0 Addacomment  |  21 Ruleofthumb:readthedefinitionfromrighttoleft! constint*foo; Means"foopoints(*)toanintthatcannotchange(const)". Totheprogrammerthismeans"Iwillnotchangethevalueofwhatfoopointsto". *foo=123;orfoo[0]=123;wouldbeinvalid. foo=&bar;isallowed. int*constfoo; Means"foocannotchange(const)andpoints(*)toanint". Totheprogrammerthismeans"Iwillnotchangethememoryaddressthatfoorefersto". *foo=123;orfoo[0]=123;isallowed. foo=&bar;wouldbeinvalid. constint*constfoo; Means"foocannotchange(const)andpoints(*)toanintthatcannotchange(const)". Totheprogrammerthismeans"Iwillnotchangethevalueofwhatfoopointsto,norwillIchangetheaddressthatfoorefersto". *foo=123;orfoo[0]=123;wouldbeinvalid. foo=&bar;wouldbeinvalid. Share Follow answeredJul8,2016at0:59 Mr.LlamaMr.Llama 19.4k22goldbadges5454silverbadges108108bronzebadges Addacomment  |  11 constchar*xHereXisbasicallyacharacterpointerwhichispointingtoaconstantvalue char*constxisrefertocharacterpointerwhichisconstant,butthelocationitispointingcanbechange. constchar*constxiscombinationto1and2,meansitisaconstantcharacterpointerwhichispointingtoconstantvalue. const*charxwillcauseacompilererror.itcannotbedeclared. charconst*xisequaltopoint1. theruleofthumbisifconstiswithvarnamethenthepointerwillbeconstantbutthepointinglocationcanbechanged,elsepointerwillpointtoaconstantlocationandpointercanpointtoanotherlocationbutthepointinglocationcontentcannotbechange. Share Follow editedJun5,2019at22:49 EvanCarroll 72.1k4444goldbadges236236silverbadges406406bronzebadges answeredJul4,2012at18:19 AAnkitAAnkit 26.8k1212goldbadges5757silverbadges7070bronzebadges 1 2 "char*constxisrefertocharacterpointerwhichisconstant,butthelocationitispointingcanbechange."Wrong.Thevalueatthelocationcanbechangednotthelocationitself. – PleaseHelp Mar12,2015at13:44 Addacomment  |  5 Anotherthumbruleistocheckwhereconstis: before*=>valuestoredisconstant after*=>pointeritselfisconstant Share Follow answeredJan25,2013at9:43 AadishriAadishri 1,23122goldbadges1818silverbadges2626bronzebadges Addacomment  |  4 Firstoneisasyntaxerror.Maybeyoumeantthedifferencebetween constchar*mychar and char*constmychar Inthatcase,thefirstoneisapointertodatathatcan'tchange,andthesecondoneisapointerthatwillalwayspointtothesameaddress. Share Follow answeredMay20,2009at22:21 JavierJavier 4,46266goldbadges3535silverbadges4545bronzebadges Addacomment  |  4 Lotsofanswerprovidespecifictechniques,ruleofthumbsetctounderstandthisparticularinstanceofvariabledeclaration.Butthereisagenerictechniqueofunderstandanydeclaration: Clockwise/SpiralRule A) constchar*a; Aspertheclockwise/spiralruleaispointertocharacterthatisconstant.Whichmeanscharacterisconstantbutthepointercanchange.i.e.a="otherstring";isfinebuta[2]='c';willfailtocompile B) char*consta; Aspertherule,aisconstpointertoacharacter.i.e.Youcandoa[2]='c';butyoucannotdoa="otherstring"; Share Follow answeredApr14,2017at18:01 JamesWebbTelescopeAlienJamesWebbTelescopeAlien 3,18322goldbadges2525silverbadges4848bronzebadges 3 2 Alsoknownasright-leftrule(atleastthat'showIlearntit):jdurrett.ba.ttu.edu/3345/handouts/RL-rule.html – TomasPruzina May9,2018at12:05 1 (Wouldbemuchbetteriftheessenceoftheanswerwouldnotbehiddenbehindalink,withthetextherenotevenciting,oratleastreferring,toanyofitsspecifics,beyondageneric"aspertherule".) – Sz. Jul14,2019at9:58 @Sz.DoyouhaveanyspecificconfusionherethatIcanclear?Thereisreallynotmuchtoitafterknowingtherule. – JamesWebbTelescopeAlien Jul15,2019at1:53 Addacomment  |  2 char*constandconstchar*? Pointingtoaconstantvalue constchar*p;//valuecannotbechanged Constantpointertoavalue char*constp;//addresscannotbechanged Constantpointertoaconstantvalue constchar*constp;//bothcannotbechanged. Share Follow editedNov27,2015at11:03 answeredNov27,2015at10:49 YogeeshHTYogeeshHT 2,4512020silverbadges1717bronzebadges Addacomment  |  1 Ipresumeyoumeanconstchar*andchar*const. Thefirst,constchar*,isapointertoaconstantcharacter.Thepointeritselfismutable. Thesecond,char*constisaconstantpointertoacharacter.Thepointercannotchange,thecharacteritpointstocan. Andthenthereisconstchar*constwherethepointerandcharactercannotchange. Share Follow answeredMay20,2009at22:21 MichaelMichael 53k55goldbadges118118silverbadges142142bronzebadges 1 Yourfirsttwoareactuallythesameandyourthirdisacompilererror:) – workmad3 May20,2009at22:22 Addacomment  |  1 Hereisadetailedexplanationwithcode /*constchar*p; char*constp; constchar*constp;*///thesearethethreeconditions, //constchar*p;constchar*constp;pointervaluecannotbechanged //char*constp;pointeraddresscannotbechanged //constchar*constp;bothcannotbechanged. #include /*intmain() { constchar*p;//valuecannotbechanged charz; //*p='c';//thiswillnotwork p=&z; printf("%c\n",*p); return0; }*/ /*intmain() { char*constp;//addresscannotbechanged charz; *p='c'; //p=&z;//thiswillnotwork printf("%c\n",*p); return0; }*/ /*intmain() { constchar*constp;//bothaddressandvaluecannotbechanged charz; *p='c';//thiswillnotwork p=&z;//thiswillnotwork printf("%c\n",*p); return0; }*/ Share Follow editedApr12,2013at21:49 ReeseMoore 11.4k33goldbadges2323silverbadges3232bronzebadges answeredMar4,2013at10:21 MegharajMegharaj 1,52922goldbadges2020silverbadges3232bronzebadges 0 Addacomment  |  1 //Somemorecomplexconstantvariable/pointerdeclaration. //Observingcaseswhenwegeterrorandwarningwouldhelp //understandingitbetter. intmain(void) { charca1[10]="aaaa";//chararray1 charca2[10]="bbbb";//chararray2 char*pca1=ca1; char*pca2=ca2; charconst*ccs=pca1; char*constcsc=pca2; ccs[1]='m';//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlylocation‘*(ccs+1u)’ ccs=csc;//Good csc[1]='n';//Good csc=ccs;//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlyvariable‘csc’ charconst**ccss=&ccs;//Good charconst**ccss1=&csc;//Bad-warning:initializationfromincompatiblepointertype char*const*cscs=&csc;//Good char*const*cscs1=&ccs;//Bad-warning:initializationfromincompatiblepointertype char**constcssc=&pca1;//Good char**constcssc1=&ccs;//Bad-warning:initializationfromincompatiblepointertype char**constcssc2=&csc;//Bad-warning:initializationdiscards‘const’ //qualifierfrompointertargettype *ccss[1]='x';//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlylocation‘**(ccss+8u)’ *ccss=ccs;//Good *ccss=csc;//Good ccss=ccss1;//Good ccss=cscs;//Bad-warning:assignmentfromincompatiblepointertype *cscs[1]='y';//Good *cscs=ccs;//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlylocation‘*cscs’ *cscs=csc;//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlylocation‘*cscs’ cscs=cscs1;//Good cscs=cssc;//Good *cssc[1]='z';//Good *cssc=ccs;//Bad-warning:assignmentdiscards‘const’ //qualifierfrompointertargettype *cssc=csc;//Good *cssc=pca2;//Good cssc=ccss;//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlyvariable‘cssc’ cssc=cscs;//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlyvariable‘cssc’ cssc=cssc1;//Bad-error:assignmentofread-onlyvariable‘cssc’ } Share Follow answeredApr23,2015at17:38 gopalshankargopalshankar 1122bronzebadges Addacomment  |  1 Constantpointer:Aconstantpointercanpointonlytoasinglevariableoftherespectivedatatypeduringtheentireprogram.wecanchangethevalueofthevariablepointedbythepointer.Initializationshouldbedoneduringthetimeofdeclarationitself. Syntax: datatype*constvar; char*constcomesunderthiscase. /*programtoillustratethebehaviourofconstantpointer*/ #include intmain(){ inta=10; int*constptr=&a; *ptr=100;/*wecanchangethevalueofobjectbutwecannotpointittoanothervariable.supposeanothervariableintb=20;andptr=&b;givesyouerror*/ printf("%d",*ptr); return0; } Pointertoaconstvalue:Inthisapointercanpointanynumberofvariablesoftherespectivetypebutwecannotchangethevalueoftheobjectpointedbythepointeratthatspecifictime. Syntax: constdatatype*varordatatypeconst*var constchar*comesunderthiscase. /*programtoillustratethebehaviorofpointertoaconstant*/ #include intmain(){ inta=10,b=20; intconst*ptr=&a; printf("%d\n",*ptr); /**ptr=100isnotpossiblei.ewecannotchangethevalueoftheobjectpointedbythepointer*/ ptr=&b; printf("%d",*ptr); /*wecanpointittoanotherobject*/ return0; } Share Follow editedOct23,2015at14:23 Ram 3,0421010goldbadges3939silverbadges5656bronzebadges answeredOct23,2015at13:55 GouthamGundapuGouthamGundapu 2133bronzebadges Addacomment  |  1 Theconstmodifierisappliedtothetermimmediatelytoitsleft.Theonlyexceptiontothisiswhenthereisnothingtoitsleft,thenitappliestowhatisimmediatelyonitsright. Theseareallequivalentwaysofsaying"constantpointertoaconstantchar": constchar*const constcharconst* charconst*const charconstconst* Share Follow answeredJul21,2016at4:31 galoisgalois 77511goldbadge1010silverbadges2828bronzebadges 1 Isitcompilerdependent?gccproducefor"constcharconst*"and"constconstchar*"and"charconstconst*"thesameresult->pointercouldpointingtootherlocation. – cosinus0 Aug4,2017at8:57 Addacomment  |  1 Tworules Ifconstisbetweencharand*,itwillaffecttheleftone. Ifconstisnotbetweencharand*,itwillaffectthenearestone. e.g. charconst*.Thisisapointerpointstoaconstantchar. char*const.Thisisaconstantpointerpointstoachar. Share Follow editedNov17,2016at7:11 JishnuVS 7,89977goldbadges2525silverbadges5656bronzebadges answeredNov17,2016at6:14 XinpeiZhaiXinpeiZhai 1122bronzebadges Addacomment  |  1 Iwouldliketopointoutthatusingintconst*(orconstint*)isn'taboutapointerpointingtoaconstintvariable,butthatthisvariableisconstforthisspecificpointer. Forexample: intvar=10; intconst*_p=&var; Thecodeabovecompilesperfectlyfine._ppointstoaconstvariable,althoughvaritselfisn'tconstant. Share Follow editedJan20,2018at23:00 answeredJan20,2018at15:49 SteliosKtsSteliosKts 6511silverbadge99bronzebadges Addacomment  |  1 IrememberfromCzechbookaboutC:readthedeclarationthatyoustartwiththevariableandgoleft. Sofor char*consta; youcanreadas:"aisvariableoftypeconstantpointertochar", charconst*a; youcanreadas:"aisapointertoconstantvariableoftypechar.Ihopethishelps. Bonus: constchar*consta; Youwillreadasaisconstantpointertoconstantvariableoftypechar. Share Follow editedNov29,2019at14:52 answeredNov29,2019at14:46 SanySany 8311silverbadge88bronzebadges Addacomment  |  Highlyactivequestion.Earn10reputation(notcountingtheassociationbonus)inordertoanswerthisquestion.Thereputationrequirementhelpsprotectthisquestionfromspamandnon-answeractivity. Nottheansweryou'relookingfor?Browseotherquestionstaggedcpointersconstantsoraskyourownquestion. 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