Cloak - Wikipedia

A cloak is a type of loose garment worn over clothing, mostly but not always as outerwear for outdoor wear, serving the same purpose as an overcoat, ... Cloak FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch Long,looseovergarmentfasteningattheneck Forotheruses,seeCloak(disambiguation). Eveningcloakormanteau,fromCostumeParisien,1823 Cloak,1580-1600VictoriaandAlbertMuseumno.793-1901 Acloakisatypeofloosegarmentwornoverclothing,mostlybutnotalwaysasouterwearforoutdoorwear,servingthesamepurposeasanovercoat,protectingthewearerfromtheweather.Itmayformpartofauniform.[1]Cloakshavebeenandarewornincountlesssocieties.Overtimecloakdesignshavebeenchangedtomatchfashionandavailabletextiles.[2] Cloaksgenerallyfastenattheneckorovertheshoulder,varyinlength,fromhipallthewaydowntotheankle,mid-calfbeingthenormallength.Theymayhaveanattachedhoodandmaycoverandfastendownthefront,inwhichcasetheyhaveholesorslitsforthehandstopassthrough.However,cloaksarealmostalwayssleeveless. Contents 1Etymology 2History 3Operacloak 4Inliteratureandthearts 5Metaphor 6Seealso 7References 8Sources Etymology[edit] ThewordcloakcomesfromOldNorthFrenchcloque(OldFrenchcloche,cloke)meaning"travellingcloak",fromMedievalLatinclocca"travelers'cape,"literally"abell,"socalledfromthegarment'sbell-likeshape.Thusthewordisrelatedtothewordclock.[3] History[edit] AncientGreeksandRomanswereknowntowearcloaks.Greekmenandwomenworethehimation,fromtheArchaicthroughtheHellenisticperiods(c.750-30BC).[4]RomanswouldlaterweartheGreek-styledcloak,thepallium.Thepalliumwasquadrangular,shapedlikeasquare,[5]andsatontheshoulders,notunlikethehimation. RomansoftheRepublicwouldwearthetogaasaformaldisplayoftheircitizenship.Itwasdeniedtoforeigners[6]andwaswornbymagistratesonalloccasionsasabadgeofoffice.ThetogawasclaimedtohaveoriginatedwithNumaPompilius,thesecondkingofRome.[7] PowerfulnoblemenandelitewarriorsoftheAztecEmpirewouldwearatilmàtli;aMesoamericancloak/capeusedasasymboloftheirupperstatus.ClothandclothingwasofutmostimportancefortheAztecs.Themoreelaborateandcolorfultilmàtliswerestrictlyreservedforelitehighpriests,emperors;andtheEaglewarriorsaswellastheJaguarknights.[8] Operacloak[edit] Mainarticle:Operacloak InfulleveningdressintheWesterncountries,ladiesandgentlemenfrequentlyusethecloakasafashionstatement,ortoprotectthefinefabricsofeveningwearfromtheelements,especiallywhereacoatwouldcrushorhidethegarment.Operacloaksaremadeofqualitymaterialssuchaswoolorcashmere,velvetandsatin. Ladiesmaywearalong(overtheshouldersortoankles)cloakusuallycalledacape,orafull-lengthcloak.Gentlemenwearanankle-lengthorfull-lengthcloak.Formalcloaksoftenhaveexpensive,coloredliningsandtrimmingssuchassilk,satin,velvetandfur. Thetermwasthetitleofa1942operaticcomedy.[9] Inliteratureandthearts[edit] AztecemperorMoctezumaIIwearingatilmàtli. Couplehidingunderthesamecloak,fragmentofanAncientGreekred-figurecup,ca.525BC–500BC,foundinAthens.LouvreMuseum,Paris. AccordingtotheKingJamesVersionoftheBible,MatthewrecordedJesusofGalileesayinginMatthew5:40:"Andifanymanwillsuetheeatthelaw,andtakeawaythycoat,lethimhavethyclokealso."TheKingJamesVersionoftheBiblehasthewordsrecordedalittledifferentlyinLuke6:29:"...andhimthattakethawaythycloke,forbidnottotakethycoatalso." Cloaksareastaplegarmentinthefantasygenreduetothepopularityofmedievalsettings,althoughfantasycloakdesignsnormallyhavemoreresemblanceto18thor19th-centurycloaksratherthanmedievalones.[citationneeded]Theyarealsousuallyassociatedwithwitches,wizards,andvampires;thebest-knownstageversionofDracula,whichfirstmadeactorBelaLugosiprominent,featuredhimwearingitsothathisexitthroughatrapdoorconcealedonthestagecouldseemsudden.WhenLugosireprisedhisroleasDraculaforthe1931UniversalStudiosmotionpictureversionoftheplay,heretainedthecloakaspartofhisoutfit,whichmadesuchastrongimpressionthatcloakscametobeequatedwithCountDraculainnearlyallnon-historicalmediadepictionsofhim. Fantasycloaksareoftenmagical.Forexample,theymaygrantthepersonwearingitinvisibilityasintheHarryPotterseriesbyJ.K.Rowling.AsimilarsortofgarmentiswornbythemembersoftheFellowshipoftheRinginTheLordoftheRingsbyJ.R.R.Tolkien,althoughinsteadofgrantingcompleteinvisibility,theElf-madecloakssimplyappeartoshiftbetweenanynaturalcolor(e.g.green,gray,brown)tohelpthewearertoblendinwithhisorhersurroundings.IntheMarvelcomicbookstoriesandintheMarvelCinematicUniverse,thesorcererDoctorStrangeisassociatedwithamagicalCloakofLevitation,whichnotonlyenablesitswearertolevitate,buthasothermysticalabilitiesaswell.DoctorStrangealsousesitasaweapon.Alternatively,cloaksinfantasymaynullifymagicalprojectiles,asthe"cloakofmagicresistance"inNetHack. Metaphor[edit] Figuratively,acloakmaybeanythingthatdisguisesorconcealssomething.Inmanysciencefictionfranchises,suchasStarTrek,therearecloakingdevices,whichprovideawaytoavoiddetectionbymakingobjectsappearinvisible.Arealdevice,albeitoflimitedcapability,wasdemonstratedin2006.[10] Becausetheykeepapersonhiddenandconcealaweapon,thephrasecloakanddaggerhascometorefertoespionage[11]andsecretivecrimes:itsuggestsmurderfromhiddensources."Cloakanddagger"storiesarethusmystery,detective,andcrimestoriesofthis.ThevigilanteduoofMarvelcomicsCloakandDagger[12]isareferencetothis. Seealso[edit] WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoCloaks. Cape Chlamys,theancientandByzantineGreekcloak Cloakingdevice Mantle(clothing) Witzchoura Tilmàtli Poncho Robe Serape Shawl Shroud Stole Veil Kinsalecloak Fibula(brooch),abroochorpinforfasteninggarments,suchascloaks,typicallyattherightshoulder Wrap(clothing) Spanishcloak References[edit] ^BernadineMorris(March31,1981)."Italianfashion'ssuccess:afreshpointofview".TheNewYorkTimes.asimplewrap..extralayerofprotectionfromtheelements ^BessLiebenson(February24,1991)."ChangingShapesofClothes:LittleforMen,LotsforWomen".TheNewYorkTimes. ^"cloak-OriginandmeaningofcloakbyOnlineEtymologyDictionary".www.etymonline.com. ^"Himation-clothing". ^Tertullian,DePallio,I ^Suetonius,DivusClaudius,XV ^WilliamSmith,LLD;WilliamWayte;G.E.Marindin,eds.(1890)."Toga".ADictionaryofGreekandRomanAntiquities.London:JohnMurray. ^"AncientAztecclothing".www.aztec-history.com.Retrieved18April2021. ^OlinDownes(November4,1942)."DoubleBillGivenbytheNewOpera:Damrosch's'TheOperaCloak'OfferedasPartofProgramatBroadwayTheatre".TheNewYorkTimes.p. 26.Damrosch'soperaticcomedy,"TheOperaCloak" ^JohnSchwartz(October20,2006)."ScientistsTakeStepTowardInvisibility".TheNewYorkTimes. ^PhilipTaubman(May19,1996)."CloakandDagger".TheNewYorkTimes. ^"Cloak&Dagger".TheNewYorkTimes.June6,2018....thecomicscompany's..live-actionseries Sources[edit] OxfordEnglishDictionary Ashelford,Jane:TheArtofDress:ClothingandSociety1500-1914,Abrams,1996.ISBN 0-8109-6317-5 Baumgarten,Linda:WhatClothesReveal:TheLanguageofClothinginColonialandFederalAmerica,YaleUniversityPress,2016.ISBN 0-300-09580-5 Payne,Blanche:HistoryofCostumefromtheStoneAgetotheTwentysecondCentury,Harper&Row,2965.NoISBNforthisedition;ASINB0006BMNFS Picken,MaryBrooks:TheFashionDictionary,FunkandBagnalls,1957.(1973editionISBN 0-308-10052-2) vteClothingHeadwear Beret Cap Baseball Flat Knit Hat Boater Bowler Fedora Homburg Top Helmet Hood Kerchief Turban Veil Neckwear Bands Choker Clericalcollar Neckerchief Necktie Ascot Bolo Bow School Stock Scarf Tippet Tops Blouse Cache-cœur Croptop Halterneck Tubetop Shirt Dress Henley Polo Sleeveless T Sweater Cardigan Guernsey Hoodie Jersey Poloneck Shrug Sweatervest Twinset Waistcoat Trousers Bell-bottoms Bondage Capri Cargo Chaps Formal Highwater Lowrise Jeans Jodhpurs Overalls Palazzo Parachute Pedalpushers Phat Shorts Bermuda Cycling Dolphin Gym Hotpants Running Slim-fit Sweatpants Windpants Yogapants Suitsanduniforms Ceremonialdress Academic Court Diplomatic Folk Jumpsuit Military Full Mess Service Sailor Combat Pantsuit Religious Cassock Clerical Vestment School Prison Workwear Boilersuit Cleanroom Hazmat Space Scrubs DressesandgownsFormal,semi-formal,informal Backless Bouffantgown Coatdress Cocktail Littleblack Evening Ballgown Debutante Princessline Strapless Wedding Wrap Casual House Jumper Rompersuit Sheath Shirtdress Slip Sundress Skirts A-line Ballerina Denim Men's Miniskirt Pencil Prairie Rah-rah Sarong Skort Tutu Wrap UnderwearandlingerieTop Bra Camisole Undershirt Bottom Diaper Trainingpants Leggings Panties Plasticpants Slip Thong Underpants Boxerbriefs Boxershorts Briefs Full Bodysuit,adult Bodysuit,infant Longunderwear See-through Teddy CoatsandouterwearOvercoats Car Chesterfield Covert Duffel Duster Greatcoat BritishWarm GuardsCoat Greca Over-frock Riding Shadbelly Trench Ulster Cloak Opera Paletot Pea Polo Raincoat Mackintosh Suitcoats Frockcoat Bekishe Rekel Messjacket Suitjacket Blazer Smoking Sports Teba Tailcoat Dress Morning Other Apron Pinafore Blouson Cagoule Cape Ferraiolo Inverness Mantle,Monastic Mantle,Royal Mozzetta Pellegrina Coatee Cut-off Gilet Jacket Flight Goggle Harrington Leather Mackinaw Norfolk Safari Jerkin Labcoat Parka Poncho Robe Bathrobe Dressinggown Shawl Skisuit Sleevedblanket Windbreaker Nightwear Babydoll Babygrow Blanketsleeper Negligee Nightgown Nightshirt Pajamas Swimwear Bikini Burkini Boardshorts Drysuit Monokini One-piece Rashguard Sling Squarelegsuit Swimbriefs Swimdiaper Trunks Wetsuit Footwear Boot Courtshoe Dressboot Dressshoe Flip-flops Sandal Shoe Slipper Sneakers Legwear Sock Hold-ups Garter Pantyhose Stocking Tights Accessories Belt Boutonnière Coinpurse Cufflink Cummerbund Gaiters Glasses Gloves Headband Handbag Jewellery Livery Muff Pocketprotector Pocketwatch Sash Spats Sunglasses Suspenders Umbrella Wallet Watch DresscodesWestern Formal Morningdress Whitetie Semi-formal Blackloungesuit Blacktie Informal Casual Related Clothingfetish Cross-dressing Fashion Hautecouture Made-to-measure Ready-to-wear Laws Terminology  Clothingportal vteHistoricalclothingClothinggenerallynotworntoday,exceptinhistoricalsettingsBody-length Abolla Banyan Brunswick Chinese Courtdress(EmpireofJapan) Chiton Frock Frockcoat Justacorps Paenula Peplos Stola Toga Tunic Xoutlao Tops Basque Bedgown Bodice Doublet Peascodbelly Poetshirt Sbai Sueapat Trousers Braccae Breeches SompotChongKben Culottes Harem Knickerbockers Pedalpushers Skirts Hobble Poodle Sompot Sinh Train Dresses Bliaut Close-bodiedgown Debutante Gown Kirtle Mantua Polonaise Sack-backgown Sailor Teagown Swallow-tailed Outerwear Carcoat Caraco Cardinalcloak Chamail Chlamys Cloak Kinsalecloak Dolman Doublet Duster Exomis Greatcoat Himation Houppelande Invernesscape Jerkin Kandys Mackinawjacket Norfolkjacket Overfrock Pañuelo Palla Pallium Pelisse Poncho Shadbelly Shawl Galwayshawl Kullu Smock-frock Spencer Surcoat Surtout Ulstercoat Visite Witzchoura Underwear Basque Bustle Chausses Chemise Codpiece Corselet Corset Waistcincher Dickey Garter Hoopskirt Crinoline Farthingale Pannier Hose Libertybodice Loincloth Opendrawers Pantalettes Petticoat Peignoir Pettipants Unionsuit Yếm Headwear AnthonyEden Apex Arakhchin Attifet Aviator Bergère Blessedhat Bonnet Capotain Caubeen Cavalier Coif Coonskin Cornette Chengziguan Dunce Fillet Frenchhood Fontange Futou Gablehood Hennin Jewish Kausia Kokoshnik Llawt'u Matron'sbadge Miner's Mob Modius Monmouth Mooskappe Motoringhood Mounteere Nemes Nightcap Nónquaithao Ochipok Pahlavi Petasos Phrygian Pileus Printer's Pudding Qeleshe Qing Salakot Snood Smoking Tainia Taranga WelshWig Wimple Footwear Buskins Caligae Chopines Crakow Episcopalsandals Hessian Pampooties Sabatons Accessories Ascottie Belthook Cointoise Cravat(early) Hairpin Hatpin Jabot Lavallière Muff Partlet Ruff Shoebuckle  Clothingportal Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cloak&oldid=1084539712" Categories:MedievalEuropeancostume18th-centuryfashion19th-centuryfashion20th-centuryfashionFormalwearHistoryofclothingCostumedesignRobesandcloaksHiddencategories:ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionmatchesWikidataAllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromDecember2016CommonscategorylinkisonWikidata Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation 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