Christian cross variants - Wikipedia

Christian crosses are used widely in churches, on top of church buildings, on bibles, in heraldry, in personal jewelry, on hilltops, and elsewhere as an ... Christiancrossvariants FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch VariationsonthereligioussymbolthroughChristianhistory Seealso:Crossesinheraldry Christiancrossvariants 7th-centuryByzantinesolidus,showingLeontiusholdingaglobuscruciger,withasteppedcrossontheobverseside Double-barredcrosssymbolasusedina9th-centuryByzantineseal Greekcross(ChurchofSaintSava)andLatincross(St.Paul'scathedral)inchurchfloorplans ThisisalistofChristiancrossvariants.TheChristiancross,withorwithoutafigureofChristincluded,isthemainreligioussymbolofChristianity.AcrosswithafigureofChristaffixedtoitistermedacrucifixandthefigureisoftenreferredtoasthecorpus(Latinfor"body"). ThetermGreekcrossdesignatesacrosswitharmsofequallength,asinaplussign,whiletheLatincrossdesignatesacrosswithanelongateddescendingarm.Numerousothervariantshavebeendevelopedduringthemedievalperiod. Christiancrossesareusedwidelyinchurches,ontopofchurchbuildings,onbibles,inheraldry,inpersonaljewelry,onhilltops,andelsewhereasanattestationorothersymbolofChristianity. CrossesareaprominentfeatureofChristiancemeteries,eithercarvedongravestonesorassculptedstelae.Becauseofthis,plantingsmallcrossesissometimesusedincountriesofChristianculturetomarkthesiteoffatalaccidents,or,suchastheZugspitzeorMountRoyal,soastobevisibleovertheentiresurroundingarea. Catholic,AnglicanandLutherandepictionsofthecrossareoftencrucifixes,inordertoemphasizethatitisJesusthatisimportant,ratherthanthecrossinisolation.LargecrucifixesareaprominentfeatureofsomeLutheranchurches,e.g.asarood.However,someotherProtestanttraditionsdepictthecrosswithoutthecorpus,interpretingthisformasanindicationofbeliefintheresurrectionratherthanasrepresentingtheintervalbetweenthedeathandtheresurrectionofJesus. SeveralChristiancrossvariantsareavailableincomputer-displayedtext.ALatincross("†")isincludedintheextendedASCIIcharacterset,[1]andseveralvariantshavebeenaddedtoUnicode,startingwiththeLatincrossinversion1.1.[2]Forothers,seeReligiousandpoliticalsymbolsinUnicode. Addictioncross:Usuallycalled"thesoulCross"isrepresentedbe2DotsunderanyCross"†".Urbanmeaning,madepopularbyfamilymembers,tattooonbodytorepresentspainandlossaffectedbydrugaddictsandtheiraddiction.lossfollowedbydeathofoverdoseordeathbydrugrelations. (Acrosswith2dots)"†" Contents 1Listofvariants 1.1Basicforms 1.2Saint'scrosses 1.3Confessionalorregionalvariants 1.4Moderninnovations 2Typesofartifacts 3Seealso 4References Listofvariants[edit] Basicforms[edit] Basicvariants,orearlyvariantswidespreadsinceantiquity. Image Name Description Greekcross Witharmsofequallength.OneofthemostcommonChristianforms,incommonusebythe4thcentury. Latin(orRoman)cross Crosswithalongerdescendingarm.AlongwiththeGreekcross,itisthemostcommonform.ItrepresentsthecrossofJesus'crucifixion. Byzantinecross Uprightcrosswithoutwardlywideningends.ItisoftenseeninrelicsfromthelateantiqueandearlymedievalByzantineEmpire(untilc.800)andwasadoptedbyotherChristianculturesofthetime,suchastheFranksandGoths. Patriarchalcross(three-barcross) Alsocalledanarchiepiscopalcrossoracruxgemina.Adoublecross,withthetwocrossbarsnearthetop.Theupperoneisshorter,representingtheplaquenailedtoJesus'cross.SimilartotheCrossofLorraine,thoughintheoriginalversionofthelatter,thebottomarmislower.TheEasternOrthodox(Slabic)crossaddsaslantedbarnearthefoot. Doublecross TheCrossoftheeight-pointcross-stoneceremony.[clarificationneeded] CrossofLorraine(two-barredcross) TheCrossofLorraineconsistsofoneverticalandtwohorizontalbars.Thetwo-barredcrossconsistsofaverticallinecrossedbytwoshorterhorizontalbars.Inmostrenditions,thehorizontalbarsare"graded"withtheupperbarbeingtheshorter,thoughvariationswiththebarsofequallengtharealsoseen. Papalcross Acrosswiththreebarsnearthetop.Thebarsareofunequallength,eachoneshorterthantheonebelow. SacredHeart AdepictionoftheSacredHeartofJesus,featuringflames,acrownofthorns,andaLatinCross. CrossofSalem AlsoknownasapontificalcrossbecauseitiscarriedbeforethePope,[citationneeded][year needed]issimilartoapatriarchalcross,butwithanadditionalcrossbarbelowthemaincrossbar,equalinlengthtotheuppercrossbar. MonogrammaticCross,orStaurogramorTau-RhoCross Theearliervisualimageofthecross,alreadypresentinNewTestamentmanuscriptsasP66,P45andP75.[3] ChiRho/Chrismon/Labarum TheChiRho(/ˈkaɪˈroʊ/;alsoknownaschrismon)isoneoftheearliestformsofchristogram,formedbysuperimposingthefirsttwo(capital)letters—chiandrho(ΧΡ)—oftheGreekwordΧΡΙΣΤΟΣ(Christos)insuchawaythattheverticalstrokeoftherhointersectsthecenterofthechi. Steppedcross Acrossrestingonabasewithseveralsteps(usuallythree),alsocalledagradedoraCalvarycross.ThissymbolfirstappearsoncoinagefromthetimeofByzantineEmperorHeraclius(r.610–641).ThethreestepsrepresentFaith,HopeandCharity,andaresometimesmarkedFides(top),Spes(middle)andCaritas(bottom),theLatinformsofthesewords.[4] JerusalemCross AlsoknownastheCrusader'sCross.Alargecrosswithasmallercrossineachofitsangles.ItwasusedasasymbolofthekingdomofJerusalem Ringedcross Acrossfeaturingaringornimbus.Thistypehasseveralvariants,includingthecruciformhaloandtheCelticcross.[5]AcruciformhaloisusedtorepresentthepersonsoftheHolyTrinity,especiallyJesus,anditwasusedespeciallyinmedievalart. Forkedcross AcrossintheformoftheletterYthatgainedpopularityinthelate13thorearly14thcenturyintheGermanRhineland.Alsoknownasacrucifixusdolorosus,furca,ypsiloncross,Y-cross,robber'scrossorthief'scross. Saint'scrosses[edit] Image Name Description CrossofSaintPeter Acrosswiththecrossbeamplacednearthefoot,thatisassociatedwithSaintPeterbecauseofthetraditionthathewascrucifiedheaddown. Taucross AT-shapedcross.AlsocalledtheSaintAnthony'scross,theSaintFrancis'crossandcruxcommissa. Saltireorcruxdecussata(SaintAndrew'scross) AnX-shapedcrossassociatedwithSt.Andrew,patronofScotland,andsoanationalsymbolofthatcountry.TheshapeisthatofthecrossonwhichSaintAndrewissaidtohavebeenmartyred.AlsoknownasSt.Andrew'sCrossorAndrewCross. Brigid'scross Bride'scross,alsoknownasBrigid'scrossorBrighid'scross,theseareusuallywovenofrushes,wheatstalksorsimilar.TheycanbeChristianorPagansymbols,dependingoncontext. SaintGeorge'sCross SometimesassociatedwithSaintGeorge,themilitarysaint,oftendepictedasacrusaderfromtheLateMiddleAges,thecrosshasappearedonmanyflags,emblems,standards,andcoatsofarms.ItsfirstdocumentedusewasastheensignoftheRepublicofGenoa,whereafteritwasusedsuccessivelybythecrusaders.NotableusesareontheFlagofEnglandandtheGeorgianflag. Mariner'scross(St.Clement'scross) Themariner'scrossisalsoreferredtoasSaintClement'sCrossinreferencetothewayhewasmartyred. PectoralcrossofCuthbert CuthbertwasoriginallyaCelticChristian.Thatconnection,plusthesimilarityinshape,givesthiscrossthealternativename;Thor'sCross[citationneeded] CrossofSaintGilbert(Portatecross) Acrossisusuallyshownerect,asitwouldbewhenusedforcrucifixion.ThePortateCrossdiffersinthatitisbornediagonally,asitwouldbewhenthevictimbearsthecross-baroverhisshoulderashedragsitalongthegroundtothecrucifixionsite. CrossofSaintJames AredCrossofSaintJameswithflourishedarms,surmountedwithanescallop,wastheemblemofthetwelfth-centuryGalicianandCastillianmilitaryOrderofSantiago,namedafterSaintJamestheGreater. SaintJulianCross ACrossCrosslettiltedat45degreeswiththetopspointingtothe'fourcornersoftheworld'.TheimageofChristianitybeingspreadallaroundtheworldisonereasonwhythiscrossissometimesreferredtoastheMissionaryCross. Grapevinecross(SaintNino'scross) AlsoknownasthecrossofSaintNinoofCappadocia,whoChristianisedGeorgia. SaintThomasCross TheancientcrossusedbySaintThomasChristians(alsoknownasSyrianChristiansorNasrani)inKerala,India.[6] CrossofSaintPhilip AsidewayscrossassociatedwithPhilliptheApostle. CrossofSaintFlorian ThecrossofSaintFlorian,patronsaintoffirefighters,isoftenconfusedwiththeMalteseCross(forexample,theNewYorkCityFireDepartmentsocallsit);althoughitmayhaveeightormorepoints,italsohaslargecurvedarcsbetweenthepoints. Catherinewheel SevenCatherineshavebeengrantedsainthood.Thiscrossiscomposedofwagonwheelsandisattributedto(atleast)threesaints:SaintCatherineofAlexandria,SaintJarlathandSaintQuentin. CrossofSaintJohn ALatincrosswiththecrossingpoint,startinginitiallyaswidepermanentandwideningonlyatitsendtotheoutsidearms.ItisnottobeconfusedwiththeMaltesecross,alsoknownastheSt.John'scross.Inheraldry,itisacommonfigureincoatofarms. CrossofSaintChad ThecrossisacombinationofaPotentCrossandQuadrateCross,whichappearsinthearmsoftheepiscopalseeofLichfield&Coventry. CrossofJeremiah ThecrossoftheprophetJeremiah,alsoknownasthe"WeepingProphet". CrossofLazarus AgreenMaltesecrossassociatedwithSt.Lazarus.[7] CrossofSaintMaurice AwhitecrossbottonyassociatedwithSaintMaurice. Confessionalorregionalvariants[edit] Furtherinformation:Crossesinheraldry Thissectionneedsadditionalcitationsforverification.Pleasehelpimprovethisarticlebyaddingcitationstoreliablesources.Unsourcedmaterialmaybechallengedandremoved.(March2020)(Learnhowandwhentoremovethistemplatemessage) Image Name Description Armeniancross SymboloftheArmenianApostolicChurch,andatypicalfeatureofkhachkars.Alsoknownasthe"BloomingCross"owingtothetrefoilemblemsattheendsofeachbranch.Akhachkar(cross-stone)isapopularsymbolofArmenianChristianity. Bolnisicross AncientGeorgiancrossandnationalsymbolfromthe5thcenturyAD. Byzantinecross-crosslet AByzantinecrossvariantseenonseveralcoinsandartifactsoftheLateMacedonian,Doukas,andEarlyKomnenosdynastiesoftheByzantineEmpire(c.950-1092).CombinesaspectsofthePatriarchalcross,Greekcross,andCalvarycrossintoauniquevariationthatmayhaveinspiredthelaterJerusalemcross. Canterburycross Acrosswithfourarmsofequallengthwhichwidentoahammershapeattheoutsideends.Eacharmhasatriangularpanelinscribedinatriquetra(three-corneredknot)pattern.Thereisasmallsquarepanelinthecenterofthecross.AsymboloftheAnglicanandEpiscopalChurches. CelticCross EssentiallyaGreekorLatincross,withacircleenclosingtheintersectionoftheuprightandcrossbar,asinthestandingHighcrosses. Copticankh ShapedliketheletterTsurmountedbyanovalorcircle.OriginallytheEgyptiansymbolfor"life",itwasadoptedbytheCopts(EgyptianChristians).Alsocalledacruxansata,meaning"crosswithahandle". Copticcross TheoriginalCopticcrosshasitsoriginintheCopticankh.AsdepictedinRudolfKoch'sTheBookofSigns(1933). NewCopticCross ThisnewCopticCrossisthecrosscurrentlyusedbytheCopticCatholicChurchandtheCopticOrthodoxChurchofAlexandria.ItevolvedfromtheolderCopticCrossesdepictedabove.AgalleryofCopticCrossescanbefoundhere. Ethiopian-Eritreancross ThisisoneofmanyvariationsofEthiopiancrossesandEritreancrossesgenerallymadeupoflatticework,usedbyEthiopianChristiansandEritreanChristians. CrossandCrown AChristiansymbolusedbyvariousChristiandenominations,particularlytheBibleStudentmovementandtheChurchofChrist,Scientist(ChristianScience).Ithasalsobeenusedinheraldry.Theemblemisofteninterpretedassymbolizingtherewardinheaven(thecrown)comingafterthetrialsinthislife(thecross)(James1:12). EastSyriancross ChurchoftheEastcross. Gammacross AGreekcross.Depicted,asaninstance,onthevestmentsofthehierarchsoftheEasternOrthodoxChurch Huguenotcross ThesymbolismoftheHuguenotcrossisparticularlyrich.ThecrossasaneminentsymboloftheChristianfaith,representsnotonlythedeathofChristbutalsovictoryoverdeathandimpiety.ThisisrepresentedalsointheMaltesecross.Itisboutonné,theeightpointssymbolisingtheeightBeatitudes(Matthew5:3–12)Betweenthearmsofthecrossisthestylisedfleur-de-lys(ontheFrenchCoatofArms),eachhas3petals;thetotaloftwelvepetalsofthefleur-de-lyssignifythetwelveapostles.Betweeneachfleur-de-lysandthearmsoftheMaltesecrosswithwhichitisjoined,anopenspaceintheformofaheart,thesymbolofloyalty,suggeststhesealoftheFrenchReformer,JohnCalvin.ThependantdovesymbolisestheHolySpirit(Romans8:16).Intimesofpersecutionapearl,symbolizingateardrop,replacedthedove. Maltesecross Aneight-pointedcrosshavingtheformoffour"V"-shapedelements,eachjoiningtheothersatitsvertex,leavingtheothertwotipsspreadoutwardsymmetrically.ItisthecrosssymbolassociatedwiththeOrderofSt.JohnsincetheMiddleAges,sharedwiththetraditionalKnightsHospitallerandtheSovereignMilitaryOrderofMalta,andbyextensionwiththeislandofMalta. OrderofChristCross AredGreekcrossstartinginitiallyaswidepermanentandwideningonlyatitsendtotheoutsidearms,withawhiteinnersimpleGreekcross.NottobeconfusedwiththeCrossofSaintJohnnortheMaltesecross.It'sthesymboloftheMilitaryOrderofChrist(Portuguese:OrdemMilitardeCristo),formerKnightsTemplarorderasitwasreconstitutedinPortugalaftertheTemplarswereabolishedon22March1312,beingtheGrandMasterthecurrentPresidentofPortugal.It'sanhistoricalsymbolofthePortugueseNavy,andcurrentsymbolofthePortugueseAirForce. SupremeOrderofChristCross AredLatincrossstartinginitiallyaswidepermanentandwideningonlyatitsendtotheoutsidearms,withawhiteinnersimpleLatincross.NottobeconfusedwiththeCrossofSaintJohnnortheMaltesecross.It'sthesymbolofthePapalSupremeOrderofChrist(Italian:OrdineSupremodelCristo),thehighestorderofchivalryawardedbythePope,andit'sthePapalparalleltotheOrderofChristinbothPortugalandBrazil. Maronitecross CrossoftheSyriacMaroniteChurch.ReminiscentofthePapalcrossandcrossofLazarus. Nestoriancross InEasternChristianartfoundontombsinChina,thesecrossesaresometimessimplifiedanddepictedasrestingonalotusfloweroronastylizedcloud. Occitancross BasedonthecountsofToulouse'straditionalcoatofarms,itsoonbecamethesymbolofOccitaniaasawhole. "Carolingiancross" Crossoftriquetras,called"Carolingian"byRudolfKochforitsappearanceinCarolingian-eraart.[8] RoseCross Acrosswitharosebloomingatthecenter.ThecentralsymboltoallgroupsembracingthephilosophyoftheRosicrucians. Serbiancross AGreekcrosswith4CyrillicS's(C)ineachofitsangles,whichrepresenttheimperialmottoofthePalaiologosdynastywhentheyresurrectedtheByzantineEmpire:KingofKings,RulingOverKings(βασιλεὺςβασιλέων,βασιλεύωνβασιλευόντων-BasileusBasileōn,BasileuōnBasileuontōn).AnationalsymbolofSerbiaandsymboloftheSerbianOrthodoxChurch. ShieldoftheTrinity EarlyvariantoftheTrinityShieldwiththeChristiancrossonthebottomportion. Suppedaneumcross AlsoknownastheRussiancross,Slavic,Slavoniccross,orOrthodox,EastOrthodox,RussianOrthodoxcross.Athree-barredcrossinwhichtheshorttopbarrepresentstheinscriptionoverJesus'head,andthelowest(usuallyslanting)shortbar,placednearthefoot,representshisfootrest(inLatin,suppedaneum).Thiscrossexistedinaslightlydifferentform(withthebottomcrossbeampointingupwards)inByzantium,anditwaschangedandadoptedbytheRussianOrthodoxChurchandespeciallypopularizedintheEastSlaviccountries. MacedonianCross,alsoknownasVeljusaCross. MacedonianChristiansymbol,symboloftheMacedonianOrthodoxChurch. Anuradhapuracross AsymbolofChristianityinSriLanka. Nordiccross/Scandinaviancross ThecrossdesignrepresentsChristianity,andthecharacteristicshiftofthecentertothehoistsideisearlymodern,firstdescribedastheDanishcivilensign(Koffardiflaget)formerchantshipsinaregulationof11June1748,whichspecifiedtheshiftofthecrosscentertowardsthehoistas"thetwofirstfieldsmustbesquareinformandthetwoouterfieldsmustbe6/4lengthsofthose". WestSyriancross SyriacOrthodoxcross. Moderninnovations[edit] Image Name Description MarianCross AterminventedtorefertoPopeJohnPaulII'scombinationofaLatincrossandtheletterM,representingMarybeingpresentonCalvary. OffCenterCrossofChristianUniversalism. Theoff-centercrosswasinventedinlateApril,1946,inahotelroominAkron,Ohio,duringtheUniversalistGeneralAssembly,whereanumberofUniversalistministerspooledtheirideas.[9] OrdnanceSurveycrosssymbols UsedonOrdnanceSurveymapstorepresentchurchesandchapels.Acrossonafilledsquarerepresentsachurchwithatower;andacrossonafilledcirclerepresentsachurchwithaspire.ChurcheswithouttowersorspiresarerepresentedbyplainGreekcrosses.Thesesymbolsalsonowrefertonon-Christianplacesofworship,andthecrossonafilledcirclealsorepresentsaplaceofworshipwithaminaretordome.[10] Typesofartifacts[edit] Image Name Description Crucifix AcrosswitharepresentationofJesus'bodyhangingfromit.ItisprimarilyusedinCatholic,Anglican,Lutheran,andEasternOrthodoxchurches(wherethefigureispainted),anditemphasizesChrist'ssacrifice—hisdeathbycrucifixion. Altarcross Acrossonaflatbasetorestuponthealtarofachurch.Theearliestknownrepresentationofanaltarcrossappearsinaminiatureina9th-centurymanuscript.Bythe10thcenturysuchcrosseswereincommonuse,buttheearliestextantaltarcrossisa12th-centuryoneintheGreatLavraonMountAthos.MassintheRomanRiterequiresthepresenceofacross(moreexactly,acrucifix)"onorcloseto"thealtar.[11]Accordingly,therequiredcrossmayrestonthereredosratherthanonthealtar,oritmaybeonthewallbehindthealtarorbesuspendedabovethealtar. Blessingcross UsedbypriestsoftheEasternCatholic,EasternOrthodoxandOrientalOrthodoxChurchestobestowblessingsuponthefaithful. Crossnecklace Asmallcrossorcrucifixwornasapendantonanecklace. Highcross Alargestonecrossthatisrichlydecorated.Fromthe19thcentury,manylargemodernversionshavebeenerectedforvariousfunctions,andsmallerCelticcrosseshavebecomepopularforindividualgravemonuments,usuallyfeaturingonlyabstractornament,usuallyinterlace. Processionalcross Usedtoleadreligiousprocessions;sometimes,aftertheprocessionitisplacedbehindthealtartoserveasanaltarcross. Cruxgemmata Acrossinlaidwithgems.Denotesaglorificationofthecross,thisformwasinspiredbythecultofthecrossthataroseafterSaintHelena'sdiscoveryoftheTrueCrossinJerusalemin327.PopularintheLateRomanandByzantineEmpire,itwasadoptedbymanyculturesofLateAntiquity,includingtheFranks,Goths,andLombards.ExamplespersistedintotheearlyMedievalperiod,suchastheCruzdelaVictoriaofAsturias. Pectoralcross Alargecrossworninfrontofthechest(inLatin,pectus)bysomeclergy. Rood Largecrucifixhighinachurch;mostmedievalWesternchurcheshadone,oftenwithfiguresoftheVirginMaryandJohntheEvangelistalongside,andoftenmountedonaroodscreen Globuscruciger Anartifactconsistingofagoldenorb(representingtheworld)surmountedbyacross,usedinImperialimagerysincetheLateRomanEmpire.TheglobuscrucigermadeitswayintotheImperialregaliaoftheByzantineEmpire,andwaslateradoptedbythePapacy,HolyRomanEmpire,andmanyothercountriesoftheLateMedievalandEarlyModerneratosignifyImperialauthorityoverChristendom. IronCross AGermanmilitarycrossoriginatingasamilitarydecorationinPrussia.LaterusedinvariousmilitaryandsecurityforcedecorationsinunifiedGermanEmpire,WeimarRepublic,NaziThirdReichandpostwarFederalRepublic. Waysidecross Atypeofcrosserectedaswaymarkers,commoninEurope. Conciliationcross Atypeofcrosserectedwheremurdersoraccidentshaveoccurred. Seealso[edit] Christianityportal ChristianCross Crossesinheraldry Christiansymbolism Saintsymbolism Crucifixioninthearts Cultural,political,andreligioussymbolsinUnicode Cross References[edit] ^"ASCIICode-TheextendedASCIItable".ASCII-Code.com.Retrieved28May2020. ^"UnicodeCharacter"✝"(U+271D)".Compart.com.Retrieved28May2020. ^Hutado,Larry(2006)."ThestaurograminearlyChristianmanuscripts:theearliestvisualreferencetothecrucifiedJesus?".InKraus,Thomas(ed.).NewTestamentManuscripts.Leiden:Brill.pp. 207–26.hdl:1842/1204.ISBN 978-90-04-14945-8. ^TreasuresofBritainandTreasuresofIreland(1976 ed.).DrivePublicationsLimited.p. 678. ^Herren,MichaelW.;Brown,ShirleyAnn(2002).ChristinCelticChristianity:BritainandIrelandfromtheFifthtotheTenthCentury.BoydellPress.pp. 192–200.ISBN 0851158897. ^"NSCNETWORK–AnalogicalreviewonSaintThomasCross-ThesymbolofNasranis-InterpretationoftheInscriptions".Nasrani.net.29February2008.Retrieved10December2011. ^"InsigniaandCross".TheGrandPrioryofAmerica. ^RudolfKoch,ChristlicheSymbole(1932) ^"accessedon2012-04-21".Archivedfromtheoriginalon28December2018.Retrieved17April2015. ^OrdnanceSurveymaplegend,accessed13May2016 ^"GeneralInstructionoftheRomanMissal,117"(PDF).Retrieved10December2011. vteChristiancrossvariantsInmodernuse Alcoraz Anchored/SaintClement Anuradhapura Archangels Archiepiscopal Armenian Arrow/Barby Balkenkreuz Bolnisi Bottony Branch Bulgarian Burgundy Byzantine Calvary Canterbury Catherinewheel Celtic Cercelée Coptic Crosslet Fitchy Crucifix Cruciformhalo Double Ethiopian Evangelists Fleury Fitchy Forked Fourchy Fylfot Globuscruciger Gnostic Grapevine/SaintNino Greek GreekOrthodox Huguenot Iron Jeremiah Jerusalem/Crusaders Variant Jerusalem(Kingdom) Latin/Roman Macedonian Maltese Marada Marian Maronite Moline Nordic Novgorod Occitan OrderofChrist Papal Patonce Pattée Fitchée Patriarchal Pommy Portate/SaintGilbert Potent Quadrate Resistance Ringed Russian RussianOrthodox Salem Saltire/SaintAndrew SaintChad SaintDavid SaintFlorian SaintGeorge SaintJames/Santiago SaintJohn SaintPatrick SaintPeter SaintPhilip SaintPiran SaintThomas Serbian SerbianOrthodox ShortSword Syriac(Eastern) Syriac(Western) Tau/SaintAnthony Historical Avellane Aviz Black Blanccroixrouge Brigid Carolingian Chouan Consecration Coptic Coptic(Early) Crown Cuthbert'spectoral Engrailed Erminée Gammadion Jewelled Katanga Lazarus Lorraine Neith Nestorian Peñalba Pierced Quarterly SaintJulian Templar TeutonicOrder Two-barred Victory Voided Byfunction Altar Blessing Conciliation Heraldry Nordic Pisan High Market Mercat Memorial Mission Monumental Necklace Pectoral Plague Preaching Processional Lalibela Rood/Triumphalcross Summit Wayside Christograms,Chrismons ChiRho Christogram IXmonogram Labarum Signummanus Staurogram/Monogrammatic/TauRho Seealso Ankh Armenianeternitysign Ichthys Irminsul Kolovrat Lauburu Mjölnir Rose Rota Solomon'sknot Scientology Shamrock ShieldoftheTrinity Sunwheelswastika Sun Swastika Triskelion/Triskele Descriptionsinantiquityoftheexecutioncross  Christianityportal  Artsportal Retrievedfrom"https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Christian_cross_variants&oldid=1091554136" Categories:ChristiancrossesCrossesbyformHiddencategories:ArticleswithshortdescriptionShortdescriptionmatchesWikidataWikipediaarticlesneedingclarificationfromMarch2020AllarticleswithunsourcedstatementsArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromMarch2020ArticlesneedingtheyearaneventoccurredfromMarch2020ArticleswithunsourcedstatementsfromMay2018ArticlesneedingadditionalreferencesfromMarch2020AllarticlesneedingadditionalreferencesUsedmydatesfromJuly2020 Navigationmenu Personaltools NotloggedinTalkContributionsCreateaccountLogin Namespaces ArticleTalk English Views ReadEditViewhistory More Search Navigation MainpageContentsCurrenteventsRandomarticleAboutWikipediaContactusDonate Contribute HelpLearntoeditCommunityportalRecentchangesUploadfile Tools WhatlinkshereRelatedchangesUploadfileSpecialpagesPermanentlinkPageinformationCitethispageWikidataitem Print/export DownloadasPDFPrintableversion Languages BahasaIndonesia Editlinks