Discover Taipei英文雙月刊電子報 - 聯合電子報

Taipei's Traditional Religious Culture. 文／Discover Taipei. Manka Lungshan Temple (艋舺龍山寺), Xingtian Temple (行天宮), and Dalongdong ... 金庸之最，獨有茶館領銜金字招牌；茶館已開，敬邀四方豪傑仗劍前來！各位看倌請來欣賞【金庸茶館電子報】 知音難尋？【古典音樂報】深度專業地介紹古典音樂樂曲與歐洲樂壇現況，讓你不再孤芳自賞！ ★無法正常瀏覽圖片，請按這裡看說明   ★無法正常瀏覽內容，請按這裡線上閱讀 新聞  專題  理財  追星  社群  Blog  哇新聞  電子書   2014/01/16 第90期 ｜訂閱／退訂｜看歷史報份｜DiscoveTaipei 本期主題 ︰ Taipei'sTraditionalReligiousCulture Taipei'sTraditionalReligiousCulture 文／DiscoverTaipei MankaLungshanTemple(艋舺龍山寺),XingtianTemple(行天宮),andDalongdongBaoanTemple(大龍峒保安宮)arepopularamongmanyoverseasvisitorstoTaipei,whoenjoythebeautyofthearchitectureandTaiwan’straditionalfolk-religionpractices.Tofurtherenrichtheexperienceofatemplevisit,thelastofthesetemplesandseveralothersaroundthecityhavemadetheirtraditionaltemple-festivalactivitiesthecenterofelaboratecultural-artsevents. TraditionalFolkReligionEmphasizesPeaceandSafety–PrayingforGoodFortune Enshrinedwithinlocaltemplesare,commonly,GuanyinPusa(觀音菩薩),BaoshengDadi(保生大帝),GuanshengDijun(關聖帝君),orSaintlyEmperorGuan,ChenghuangYe(城隍爺),andTudiGong(土地公),orEarthGod.ThesedeitieswereoriginallyintroducedtoTaiwanduringthecloseoftheMingdynasty(明朝)whenthegreatMingpatriotZhengChenggong(鄭成功),commonlycalledKoxinga(國姓爺)intheWest,establishedhimselfontheislandin1661.HanChinesecomingtoTaiwanfortradeandbusiness,andtoopenland,alsobroughttheirpatrondeitiesfromtheirhomeareasinChina.DuringtheQingdynasty(清朝)theguardiangoddessofthesea,Mazu(媽祖),becamethemostlywidelyworshippeddeityinTaiwan,andremainsatthetopofthelocalreligiouspantheontothisday.TherichreligiouscultureherealsoembracesIslam,Protestantism,andCatholicism,butBuddhistandDaoismremainthemostpopularreligions. Devoteesoftengotoatempletopraytotheenshrineddeitiesandaskthemforpeace,safety,andgoodfortune.TempleactivityisespeciallybusyaroundChineseNewYearandothermajorfestivals.AtNewYearmanybelieversconsiderqiangtouxiang(搶頭香),whichliterallymeansto“competetoburnthefirstincense,”tobeakeyannualrite.ThishappensatthestrokeofmidnightonNewYear’sEve,thefirstmomentoftheNewYear.Thedoorsofthetempleareopenedandworshippersrushinsidetobethefirsttoplungeincensesticksintocensers.Thosewhosucceedarebelievedtobeguaranteedayearofgoodluck.LittlewonderthenthatsuchaspectacleiscreatedatTaiwan’splacesofworshipeachyear. Alltemplesfeatureaconstantlineupofsacrificialritesandceremonies,designedtosavesouls,preventdisasters,etc.Thesemanifestthespiritualpowerofthegods,whoprovidedirectionandguidanceforadherents,helptoresolvedifficulties,andofferspiritualcomfort.Oneofthemostuniqueisshoujing(收驚)or“recallingafrightenedsoul.”Whenapersonhasreceivedafright,theirsoulisbelievedtohaveleftthebody.Itisrecalledbyconductingshoujing,afterwhichthepersonwilloncemorebeatpeace.Shoujingisconductedatatempleforthepersonhimself,achildbroughtbyanadult,orbyathirdpartywhohasbroughtapieceofclothingorotherpersonalitembelongingtothesufferer.XingtianTempleisregardedasaparticularlyeffectiveplacetoreceiveshoujing,andeachdayfromaboutnoonto9pmalonglineupofpeoplecanbeseen,awaitinghelpfrommatronvolunteerswavingincenseandchantingscripture. TraditionalReligiousPractice–ConcentratingBelievers’Sincerity Accordingtoanoldsaying,“Mazumadnessinthethirdmonth,welcomeWangye(王爺)inthefourth,busywithPudu(普渡)intheseventh”(三月瘋媽祖，四月迎王爺，七月忙普渡),whichemphasizestheimportanceofthreemajoreventsinTaiwanfolkreligion,andtheirtimes.Mazu,akeydeityalongChina’ssoutheastcoast,issaidtohavebeenbornamortalnamedLinMoniang(林默娘),duringtheSongdynasty(宋朝)inMeizhou,Fujian(福建湄洲).InoneversionoftheMazulegend,shediedwhiletryingtosaveherfishermanfatherandbrothersfromdrowningaftertheirshipwascaughtinatyphoon.Unabletofindherremains,relativesandothervillagersbelievedshehadbeentransformedintoanimmortalandhadascendedtoheaven.ThefirstMazutemplewaserectedtocommemorateher,andwithtime,herinfluencespreadfarbeyondMeizhou. Mazu’sbirthdayisonthe23rddayofthe3rdlunarmonth,anddevoteesheadtoMazutemplesduringthismonthtopayhomagetothegoddess.TaiwanhasagreatmanyMazutemples,manyofwhicharefenling(分靈;lit.“sharedspirit/power”)temples,meaningthepoweroftheirenshrinediconwasoriginallytakenfromafarmorepowerfuliconinanothertemple.EachyearatthetimeofMazu’sbirthdaythefenlingiconsaretakentovisittheoriginal,calledyezu(謁祖;“payingrespectstotheancestors”).Pilgrimsfollowbehindtheirrespectiveiconduringanelaborateprocession,gongsanddrumsloudlysoundingtheway,inasceneofgrandpageantryandhubbub. Anotherofthethreekeyreligiouseventsintheabove-mentionedoldsaying,ZhongyuanPudu(中元普渡),iscenteredonwhatarecalled“lonelysouls”(孤魂)–thesoulsofindividualswhohavenolivingdescendantscarryingoutsacrificialritesforthem.Relatedactivitiesareconductedthroughoutthe7thlunarmonth,withactivitiesonanespeciallygrandscalestagedduringtheZhongyuanFestival(中元節),onthe15thday. SpecialReligiousActivitiesinTaipei–CultureandFaithMerged MostTaipeitempleshaveanactivescheduleofactivitiestoservedevotees.Festivetemplefairsarestagedonandaroundthebirthdaysofthemainenshrineddeitieseachyear,andinadditiontoattendingthegrandceremoniesinvolved,followersandvisitorscanenjoythevariedprogramofactivitiesstagedintemplesquarestohonorandthankthegods.DalongdongBaoanTemple,SongshanCiyouTemple(松山慈祐宮),TaipeiXia-HaiCityGodTemple(台北霞海城隍廟),andothermajortemplesofferacombinationoftraditionaltemplefair,guidedheritagetours,culturalstudies,aestheticscompetitions,andmanyotheractivities,showcasingtheuniquecharmsofTaiwanesefolkbeliefsandlocalculture. OneofthemaingodsatDalongdongBaoanTempleisBaoshengDadi,oftencalledtheGodofMedicine(醫神).Thetemple’sannualBaoshengCulturalFestival(保生文化祭)iscenteredaroundhisbirthdayonthe15thdayofthe3rdmonth.Thefestivalcombinesmodernartandculturalelementswiththeceremoniesandactivitiesofatraditionaltemplefestival,inauniquecombinationofreligion,folk-custom,artsandculture,andtourism.Eachyear,inanefforttopromotetransnationalinterchange,representativesfrom13templesaroundtheregionwhereBaoshengDadiisworshipedareinvitedtocometoTaipeiforthegrandcelebrations,withparticipantsfromHongKong,Singapore,thePhilippines,andMalaysia. Taipei’sSongshanarea,originallycalledXikou(錫口),wasgivenitspresentnamein1920.SongshanCiyouTemple,oneofthemostimportantMazutemplesinnorthTaiwan,hoststheXikouCulturalFestival(錫口文化節)fromthe15thdayofthe1stlunarmonthtothe26thdayofthe3rdmonth,justafterMazu’sbirthday.Taiwaneseoperaandworshipritesandceremoniesarestagedinthetemplesquare,expressingbirthdaywishestothegoddess.OthercelebratoryactivitiesincludeMazuneighborhoodinspectionprocessionsandtraditionalfolk-artsperformances.Therearealsoguidedculturetoursandhistorical-dramaperformances.TheMazuprocessionisaneventofespeciallysplendidpompandpageantry,headingfromCiyouTemplethroughRaoheStreetTouristNightMarket(饒河街觀光夜市)andMinshengCommunity,alongtheKeelungRiver,andpastSongshanStation(松山車站).Eachyearagreatmanyforeignvisitorsmakeaspecialtriptowitnessthespectacle,revelingintheexperienceofagrandTaipeitemple-festivalcelebration. ThebirthdayofChenghuangYe(城隍爺)ortheCityGod,whoisthepatronsaintofthecityandisinchargeofthespiritsofthenetherworld,fallsonthe13thdayofthe5thmonth.EachyearTaipeiXia-HaiCityGodTemplestagesthegrandCityGodBirthdayParade(五月十三迎城隍),inwhichtheCityGodgoesonaninspectionprocessionaroundthetemplearea,protectedbySongJiangBattleArrayTroupes(宋江陣團體),whichcombinetraditionalmartialartsandfolkarts.About10yearsagothescaleofthecelebrationswasexpandedandnamedtheTaipeiXia-HaiCityGodCulturalFestival(台北霞海城隍文化季),withaprogramfeaturingshowsbyTaiwaneseoperaandglove-puppettheatertroupes,liondancetroupesperformingatfixedlocations,andbothstorytellingandartifactdisplaysexplainingthehistoryoftheevent.Theexpansionandupgradingofthetemplefairintoafullculturalseasonofactivities,inadditiontopromotingtheeconomyofthedistrict,alsoservesasapowerfuleducationaltool.AlsoenshrinedwithinthistempleisafamouslyefficaciousOldManUndertheMoon(月下老人;alsoknownastheChineseCupid)icon,makingthetempleaverypopulardestinationwiththoselookingforhelpinfindingtheirtruelove. TheincensehasbeenburningattheseTaipeitemplesformany,manydecades,whilethecity’suniqueculturalblendhasinturnshapeditsspecialreligiousculture.Avisittooneorallprovidesrewardinginsightforthetravelertryingtounderstandtherichnessofthelocallivingexperience. Information DalongdongBaoanTemple大龍峒保安宮 Add:61,HamiSt.(哈密街61號) Tel:(02)2595-1676 Website:www.baoan.org.tw SongshanCiyouTemple松山慈祐宮 Add:761,Sec.4,BadeRd.(八德路4段761號) Tel:(02)2765-9017 Website:www.facebook.com/SONGSHANCIYOU TaipeiXia-HaiCityGodTemple台北霞海城隍廟 Add:61,Sec.1,DihuaSt.(迪化街1段61號) Tel:(02)2558-0346 Website:www.tpecitygod.org     ‧追星旅行到臺北到剝皮寮歷史街區、西門町美國街，看《大尾鱸鰻》高潮迭起的漂蕩人生。

將銀幕上虛構的電影場景，轉換成真實的一日旅行，誰說不是另一種追星的樂趣呢？‧吃豆腐的方法千百種中國人好吃豆腐，白豆腐因為沒筋骨，所以一直被視為「水菜」；藉高溫炸油，將一塊塊軟豆腐由外而內地炸到長出層皮，更是種無中生有、返璞歸真的創意。

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