Configure hardware acceleration for the Android Emulator

Configure VM acceleration using Intel HAXM on Windows · Open the SDK Manager. · Click the SDK Update Sites tab and then select Intel HAXM. · Click ... 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Configuregraphicsacceleration Graphicsaccelerationusesyourcomputer'shardware(typicallytheGPU)tomake screenrenderingfaster.AndroiddevicesuseOpenGLforEmbeddedSystems (OpenGLESorGLES)forrenderingboth2Dand 3Dgraphicsonthescreen. WhenyoucreateanAndroidVirtualDevice(AVD)intheAVDManager,youcan specifywhethertheemulatorshouldusehardwareorsoftwaretoemulate theGPUoftheAVD.Hardwareaccelerationisrecommendedandistypically faster.However,youmightneedtousesoftwareaccelerationifyourcomputer usesgraphicsdriversthataren'tcompatiblewiththeemulator. Bydefault,theemulatordecideswhethertousehardwareorsoftware graphicsaccelerationbasedonyourcomputersetup.IfyourGPUhardwareand driversarecompatible,theemulatorusestheGPU.Otherwise,theemulator usessoftwareacceleration(usingyourcomputer'sCPU)tosimulateGPU processing. Ifyoustarttheemulatorfromthe commandline,youcanalsooverride thegraphicsaccelerationsettingintheAVDforthatvirtualdeviceinstance. Requirements Tousegraphicsacceleration,yourdevelopmentenvironmentmustmeetthe followingrequirements: SDKTools:Latestreleaserecommended(version17minimum) SDKPlatform:Latestreleaserecommended(Android4.0.3,Revision3,minimum) ConfiguregraphicsaccelerationintheAVDManager ToconfiguregraphicsaccelerationforanAVD,followthesesteps: OpentheAVDManager. CreateanewAVDor editanexistingAVD. OntheVerifyConfiguration page,findtheEmulatedPerformancesection. SelectavaluefortheGraphics:option. ClickFinish. Configuregraphicsaccelerationfromthecommandline TospecifyagraphicsaccelerationtypewhenyourunanAVDfromthecommand line,includethe-gpuoption,asshowninthefollowingexample: emulator-avdavd_name-gpumode[{-option[value]}...] Thevalueofmodecanbesettooneofthefollowingoptions: auto:Lettheemulatorchoosebetweenhardwareorsoftwaregraphics accelerationbasedonyourcomputersetup. host:UsetheGPUonyourcomputerforhardwareacceleration.Thisoption typicallyprovidesthehighestgraphicsqualityandperformanceforthe emulator.However,ifyourgraphicsdrivershaveissuesrenderingOpenGL,you mightneedtousetheswiftshader_indirectorangle_indirectoptions. swiftshader_indirect:UseaQuickBoot-compatiblevariantofSwiftShader torendergraphicsusingsoftwareacceleration.Thisoptionisagood alternativetohostmodeifyourcomputercan'tusehardwareacceleration. angle_indirect:(Windowsonly)UseaQuickBoot-compatiblevariantofANGLEDirect3D torendergraphicsusingsoftwareacceleration.Thisoptionisagood alternativetohostmodeifyourcomputercan'tusehardwareacceleration. Inmostcases,ANGLEperformanceshouldbesimilartousinghostmode becauseANGLEusesMicrosoftDirectXinsteadofOpenGL.OnWindows,Microsoft DirectXdriverstypicallyhavefewerissuesthanOpenGLdrivers.Thisoption usesDirect3D11andrequiresWindows10,Windows8.1,orWindows7SP1with theWindows7PlatformUpdate. guest:Useguest-sidesoftwarerendering.Thisoptionprovidesthelowest graphicsqualityandperformancefortheemulator. Note:Ifyouenableagraphicsaccelerationoptionthatyourcomputerdoesn't support,youarelikelytoseeincorrectimagesdisplayedduringemulation. Thefollowingmodeoptionsaredeprecated: swiftshader:Deprecatedinversion27.0.2Useswiftshader_indirectinstead. angle:Deprecatedinversion27.0.2.Useangle_indirectinstead(Windowsonly). mesa:Deprecatedinversion25.3.Useswiftshader_indirectinstead. EnableSkiarenderingforAndroidUI WhenusingimagesforAPIlevel27orhigher,theemulatorcanrenderthe AndroidUIwithSkia.Skiahelpsthe emulatorrendergraphicsmoresmoothlyandefficiently. ToenableSkiarendering,usethefollowingcommandsinadbshell: su setpropdebug.hwui.rendererskiagl stop start ConfiguringVMacceleration VMaccelerationusesyourcomputer'sprocessortosignificantlyimprovethe executionspeedoftheemulator.Atoolcalledahypervisormanagesthis interactionusingvirtualizationextensionsthatyourcomputer'sprocessor provides.ThissectionoutlinestherequirementsforusingVMaccelerationand describeshowtosetupVMaccelerationoneachoperatingsystem. Generalrequirements TouseVMaccelerationwiththeemulator,yourcomputermustmeetthegeneral requirementsinthissection.Yourcomputeralsoneedstomeetother requirementsthatarespecifictoyouroperatingsystem. Developmentenvironmentrequirements TouseVMacceleration,yourdevelopmentenvironmentmustmeetthe followingrequirements: SDKTools:minimumversion17;recommendedversion26.1.1orlater AVDwithanx86-basedsystemimage,availableforAndroid2.3.3(APIlevel10) andhigher Warning:AVDsthatuseARM-orMIPS-basedsystemimagescan'tusetheVM accelerationthatisdescribedonthispage. Virtualizationextensionrequirements Inadditiontothedevelopmentenvironmentrequirements,yourcomputer's processormustsupportoneofthefollowingvirtualizationextensions technologies: IntelVirtualizationTechnology(VT,VT-x,vmx)extensions AMDVirtualization(AMD-V,SVM)extensions Mostmodernprocessorssupportthesevirtualizationextensions.Ifyou'renot surewhetheryourprocessorsupportstheseextensions,checkthespecifications foryourprocessoronthemanufacturer'ssite.Ifyourprocessordoesn'tsupport oneoftheseextensions,thenyoucan'tuseVMacceleration. Note:VirtualizationextensionsaretypicallyenabledthroughyourcomputerBIOS andarefrequentlyturnedoffbydefault.Checkthedocumentationforyour motherboardtofindouthowtoenablevirtualizationextensions. Restrictions VMaccelerationhasthefollowingrestrictions: Youcan'trunaVM-acceleratedemulatorinsideanotherVM,suchasaVMhosted byVirtualBox,VMWare,orDocker.YoumustrunaVM-acceleratedemulator directlyonyourhostcomputer. Dependingonyouroperatingsystemandhypervisor,youcan'trunsoftwarethat usesanothervirtualizationtechnologyatthesametimethatyouruna VM-acceleratedemulator.Forexample,VirtualBox,VMWare,andDockercurrently useadifferentvirtualizationtechnology,soyoucan'trunthematthesame timeastheacceleratedemulator. Abouthypervisors VMaccelerationrequiresahypervisor. WithoutahypervisorandVMacceleration,theemulatormusttranslatethe machinecodefromtheVMblockbyblocktoconformtothearchitectureofthe hostcomputer.Thisprocesscanbequiteslow.Withahypervisor,theVMand thearchitectureofthehostcomputermatch,sotheemulatorcanruncode directlyonthehostprocessorusingthehypervisor.Thisimprovement drasticallyincreasesboththespeedandperformanceoftheemulator. Thehypervisorthatwillworkbestforyoudependsonyourcomputer'soperating systemandconfiguration.Formoreinformation,seeoneofthefollowing sections: ConfigureVMaccelerationonWindows ConfigureVMaccelerationonmacOS ConfigureVMaccelerationonLinux Checkifahypervisorisinstalled Youcanusetheemulator-accel-checkcommand-lineoptiontocheckif ahypervisoriscurrentlyinstalledonyourcomputer. Thefollowingexamplesshowhowtousetheemulatoraccel-checkoption.In eachexample,SdkisthelocationoftheAndroidSDK: Windows: c:\Users\janedoe\AppData\Local\Android>Sdk\emulator\emulator-accel-check accel: 0 HAXMversion7.3.2(4)isinstalledandusable. accel macOS: janedoe-macbookpro:Androidjanedoe$./Sdk/emulator/emulator-accel-check accel: 0 HAXMversion7.3.2(4)isinstalledandusable. accel Linux: janedoe:~/Android$./Sdk/emulator/emulator-accel-check accel: 0 KVM(version12)isinstalledandusable. ConfigureVMaccelerationonWindows VMaccelerationonWindowscanuseoneofthreehypervisors:theIntelHardware AcceleratedExecutionManager(HAXM),theAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverfor AMDProcessorsortheWindowsHypervisorPlatform(WHPX). ChooseahypervisoronWindows Usethefollowingcriteriatodeterminewhichhypervisoryoushoulduse: Criteria Hypervisor YouhaveanIntelprocessoranddonotneedtorunHyper-VatthesametimeastheAndroidEmulator. UseIntelHAXM. YouhaveanIntelprocessoranddoneedtorunHyper-VatthesametimeastheAndroidEmulator. UseWHPX. YouhaveanAMDprocessoranddonotneedtorunHyper-VatthesametimeastheAndroidEmulator. UseAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverforAMDProcessors. YouhaveanAMDprocessoranddoneedtorunHyper-VatthesametimeastheAndroidEmulator. UseWHPX. Double-checkwhendisablingHyper-V Hyper-VmustbedisabledtouseIntelHAXMortheAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriver forAMDProcessors.However,unchecking"Hyper-V"inWindowsFeaturesDialog mightnotguaranteethatHyper-Visdisabled.QuiteafewfeaturesinWindows10 willenableHyper-Vimplicitly.UsersmaynotevenknowHyper-Visactivatedwhen theyenableoneofthesefeatures. Toourbestknowledge,theseincludesVirtualMachinePlatform,Windows HypervisorPlatform,WindowsSandbox,CoreIsolation, CredentialGuard.Additionally,WindowsSubsystemforLinuxversion2requires VirtualMachinePlatform,meaningthatitimplicitlyrequiresHyper-V. Thislistisnotexhaustive,pleasenotifyusonourbugtrackerifyoufindan itemthatshouldbeincludedhere. Double-checkthatthefeatureslistedabovearealsodisabledwhendisabling Hyper-V.ReferenceMicrosoftdocumentationandtheexamplesbelowtofindout howeachindividualfeaturecanbedisabled. SomeplatformsfailtoimmediatelydisableHyper-Vwhenitisswitchedoff.When thisoccurs,thereisnoerrorreturnedbytheWindowsOSandHyper-Vappears disabledintheWindowsFeaturesDialog.PleasefileabugonMicrosoft'sissue trackerwhenthisoccurs. ConfigureVMaccelerationusingIntelHAXMonWindows BeforeyoucaninstallanduseIntelHAXM,yourcomputermustmeetthefollowing requirements: IntelprocessorwithVirtualizationTechnology(VT-x),IntelEM64T (Intel64)features,andExecuteDisable(XD)Bitfunctionalityenabled 64-bitWindows10,Windows8,orWindows7(or32-bitversionoftheoperating systemona64-bitprocessor) TouseIntelHAXMonWindows10or8,youmustturnoffHyper-VintheWindows FeaturesDialog. Note:InstallingcertainsoftwaremightturnHyper-Vbackon.Referto DisablingHyper-Vformoredetails. ToinstalltheIntelHAXMdriver,followthesesteps: OpentheSDKManager. ClicktheSDKUpdateSitestabandthenselectIntelHAXM. ClickOK. Afterthedownloadfinishes,runtheinstaller. Typically,youcanfindtheinstallerinthefollowinglocation: sdk\extras\intel\Hardware_Accelerated_Execution_Manager\intelhaxm-android.exe Usethewizardtocompletetheinstallation. AfterinstallingIntelHAXM,confirmthatthevirtualizationdriveris operatingcorrectlybyenteringthefollowingcommandinaCommandPrompt window: scqueryintelhaxm Youshouldseeastatusmessagethatincludesthefollowinginformation: SERVICE_NAME:intelhaxm ... STATE:4RUNNING ... Formoreinformation,see InstallationInstructionsforIntelHAXMonWindows. YoucanadjusttheamountofmemoryavailabletotheIntelHAXMkernel extensionbyrunningtheinstalleragain. YoucanuninstallIntelHAXMusingeithertheinstallerortheWindowsControl Panel.BeforeyouuninstallIntelHAXM,shutdownanyx86emulatorsthatare currentlyrunning. ConfigureVMaccelerationusingAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverforAMDProcessorsonWindows BeforeyoucaninstallandusetheAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverforAMD Processors,yourcomputermustmeetthefollowingrequirements: AMDprocessorwithSecureVirtualMachine(SVM)Technology 64-bitWindows10,Windows8,orWindows7(32-bitWindowsisnotsupported) TouseAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverforAMDProcessorsonWindows10or8, youmustturnoffHyper-VintheWindowsFeauresDialog. Note:InstallingcertainsoftwaremightturnHyper-Vbackon.Referto DisablingHyper-Vformoredetails. TheAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverforAMDProcessorscanbeinstalledvia theSDKManagerinAndroidStudio4.0Canary 5orlater,orfromGithub(seebelow).Toinstallfromthe SDKManager,followthesesteps: OpenTools->SDKManager. ClicktheSDKToolstabandthenselectAndroidEmulatorHypervisor DriverforAMDProcessors. ClickOKtodownloadandinstalltheAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriver forAMDprocessors. Afterinstallation,confirmthatthedriverisoperatingcorrectlybyentering thefollowingcommandinaCommandPromptwindow: scquerygvm Youshouldseeastatusmessagethatincludesthefollowinginformation: SERVICE_NAME:gvm ... STATE:4RUNNING ... ThefollowingerrormessagemeanseitherthatSVMisnotenabledinyourBIOS orthatHyper-Visnotdisabled(RefertoDisableHyper-V). SERVICE_NAME:gvm ... STATE:1STOPPED WIN32_EXIT_CODE:4294967201(0xffffffa1) ... TheAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverforAMDProcessorscanalsobedownloaded andinstalledfromgithub. Afterunpackingthedriverpackage,run"silent_install.bat"inaCommandPrompt withAdministratorprivileges.Successfullycompletinganewinstallationwould havethefollowingoutput: Upgradinganinstallationwouldresultinthefollowingoutput,whichincludes messagesregardingtheolddriver'suninstallation: YoucanuninstallAndroidEmulatorHypervisorDriverforAMDProcessorsusingthe followingcommandsinaCommandPromptwithAdministratorprivileges. scstopgvm scdeletegvm Note:Shutdownanyx86emulatorsbeforeuninstallingtheAndroidEmulator HypervisorDriverforAMDProcessors. ConfigureVMaccelerationusingWindowsHypervisorPlatform BeforeyoucanenableWHPX,yourcomputermustmeetthefollowingrequirements: Intelprocessors:SupportforVirtualizationTechnology(VT-x),ExtendedPage Tables(EPT),andUnrestrictedGuest(UG)features.VT-xmustbeenabledinyour computer'sBIOSsettings. AMDprocessors:AMDRyzenprocessorrecommended.VirtualizationorSVMmust beenabledinyourcomputer'sBIOSsettings. AndroidStudio3.2Beta1orhigher(downloadfromdeveloper.android.com) AndroidEmulatorversion27.3.8orhigher(downloadusingtheSDKManager) Windows10withApril2018Updateorhigher ToinstallWHPXonWindows,followthesesteps: FromtheWindowsdesktop,right-clicktheWindowsiconandselect Appsandfeatures. UnderRelatedsettings,clickProgramsandFeatures. ClickTurnsWindowsFeaturesonoroff. SelectWindowsHypervisorPlatform ClickOK. Oncetheinstallationhasfinished,restartyourcomputer. ConfigureVMaccelerationonmacOS OnMacOSXv10.10Yosemiteandhigher,theAndroidEmulatorusesthebuilt-in Hypervisor.Framework bydefault,andfallsbacktousingIntelHAXMifHypervisor.Frameworkfails toinitialize. TouseVMaccelerationonmacOSwhentheHypervisor.Frameworkisnotavailable, youmustinstalltheIntelHAXMkernelextension. Note:ForusersofmacOS10.13HighSierraandhigher:macOS10.13disables installationofkernelextensionsbydefault.BecauseIntelHAXMisakernel extension,youmightneedtomanuallyenableitsinstallation.Formoredetails, seeKnownIssues. ToinstalltheIntelHAXMkernelextension,followthesesteps: OpentheSDKManager. ClicktheSDKUpdateSitestabandthenselectIntelHAXM. ClickOK. Afterthedownloadfinishes,runtheinstaller. Typically,youcanfindtheinstallerinthefollowinglocation: sdk/extras/intel/Hardware_Accelerated_ExecutionManager/IntelHAXMversion.dmg Followtheon-screeninstructionstocompletetheinstallation. Afterinstallationfinishes,confirmthatthenewkernelextensionis operatingcorrectlybyopeningaterminalwindowandrunningthefollowing command: kextstat|grepintel Youshouldseeastatusmessagecontainingthefollowingextensionname, indicatingthatthekernelextensionisloaded: com.intel.kext.intelhaxm Formoreinformation,see InstallationInstructionsforIntelHAXM. YoucanadjusttheamountofmemoryavailabletotheIntelHAXMkernel extensionbyrunningtheinstalleragain. YoucanstopusingtheIntelHAXMkernelextensionbyuninstallingit.Before youuninstallit,shutdownanyx86emulatorsthatarecurrentlyrunning,then runthefollowingcommandinaterminalwindow: sudo/System/Library/Extensions/intelhaxm.kext/Contents/Resources/uninstall.sh ConfigureVMaccelerationonLinux Linux-basedsystemssupportVMaccelerationthroughtheKVMsoftwarepackage. FollowtheinstructionsforinstallingKVMonyourLinuxsystem,andverify thatKVMisenabled.ForUbuntusystems,seeUbuntuKVMInstallation. Requirements RunningKVMrequiresspecificuserpermissions.Makesurethatyouhave sufficientpermissionsasspecifiedintheKVMinstallationinstructions. TouseVMaccelerationonLinux,yourcomputermustalsomeetthese requirements: ForIntelprocessors:SupportforVirtualizationTechnology(VT-x),Intel EM64T(Intel64)features,andExecuteDisable(XD)Bitfunctionalityenabled. ForAMDprocessors:SupportforAMDVirtualization(AMD-V). CheckwhetherKVMiscurrentlyinstalledonLinux Youcanusetheemulator-accel-check command-lineoptiontocheckwhetheryouhaveKVMinstalled.Alternatively, youcaninstallthecpu-checkerpackagecontainingthekvm-okcommand. Thefollowingexampleshowshowtousethekvm-okcommand. Installthecpu-checkerpackage: $sudoapt-getinstallcpu-checker $egrep-c'(vmx|svm)'/proc/cpuinfo Anoutputof1orgreatermeansthatvirtualizationissupported.Anoutputof 0meansthatyourCPUdoesn'tsupporthardwarevirtualization. Runthekvm-okcommand: $kvm-ok Expectedoutput: INFO:/dev/kvmexists KVMaccelerationcanbeused Ifyougetthefollowingerror,itmeansthatyoucanstillrunvirtual machines.YourvirtualmachinewillbeslowerwithouttheKVMextensions. INFO:YourCPUdoesnotsupportKVMextensions KVMaccelerationcanNOTbeused InstallKVMonLinux UsethefollowingcommandtoinstallKVM: Cosmic(18.10)orlater sudoapt-getinstallqemu-kvmlibvirt-daemon-systemlibvirt-clientsbridge-utils Lucid(10.04)orlater sudoapt-getinstallqemu-kvmlibvirt-binubuntu-vm-builderbridge-utils Karmic(9.10)orearlier sudoaptitudeinstallkvmlibvirt-binubuntu-vm-builderbridge-utils ContentandcodesamplesonthispagearesubjecttothelicensesdescribedintheContentLicense.JavaandOpenJDKaretrademarksorregisteredtrademarksofOracleand/oritsaffiliates. Lastupdated2021-09-14UTC. 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