Foxconn - Wikipedia

Hon Hai Precision Industry Co., Ltd. (TWSE: 2317), trading as Hon Hai Technology Group in China and Taiwan, or Foxconn internationally, is a Taiwanese ... Foxconn FromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopedia Jumptonavigation Jumptosearch TaiwanesemultinationalelectronicscontractmanufacturertradingasFoxconnTechnology HonHaiPrecisionIndustryCo.Ltd.鴻海精密工業股份有限公司TradenameHonHaiTechnologyGroup(Foxconn)鴻海科技集團（富士康）TypePublicTradedasTWSE:2317LSE: HHPDISINTW0002317005IndustryElectronicsFounded20 February1974;48yearsago (1974-02-20)(asHonHaiPrecisionIndustryCo.,Ltd.)FounderTerryGouHeadquartersTuchengDistrict,NewTaipei,TaiwanAreaservedWorldwideKeypeopleYoungLiu(ChairmanandPresident)ProductsElectronics,electroniccomponents,PCBs,PCBcomponents,computerchips.ServicesElectronicsmanufacturingservicesRevenueNT$5.99trillion(2021)[1]OperatingincomeNT$193.57billion(2021)[1]NetincomeNT$139.32billion(2021)[1]TotalassetsNT$3.908trillion(2021)[1]TotalequityNT$1.573trillion(2021)[1]Numberofemployees1,290,000(2020)[2]Subsidiaries FiiFoxconnIndustrialInternet FITFoxconnInterconnectTechnology FIHMobile ShunSin Healthconn CircuTech AsiaPacificTelecom SharpCorporation SmartTechnologies Belkin Websitewww.honhai.com/en-us/ FoxconnTraditional Chinese鴻海精密工業股份有限公司SimplifiedChinese鸿海精密工业股份有限公司LiteralmeaningHonHaiPrecisionIndustryCo.,Ltd.TranscriptionsStandardMandarinHanyuPinyinHónghǎiJīngmìGōngyèGǔfènYǒuxiàngōngsīSouthernMinTâi-lôhông-háitsing-bı̍tkang-gia̍pkóo-hūniú-hānkong-siTradingnameTraditional Chinese鴻海科技集團（富士康）SimplifiedChinese鸿海科技集团（富士康）LiteralmeaningHonHaiTechnologyGroup(Foxconn)TranscriptionsStandardMandarinHanyuPinyinFùshìkāngKējìJítuán HonHaiPrecisionIndustryCo.,Ltd.(TWSE:2317),tradingasHonHaiTechnologyGroupinChinaandTaiwan,orFoxconninternationally,isaTaiwanesemultinationalelectronicscontractmanufacturerwithitsheadquartersinTucheng,NewTaipeiCity,Taiwan,establishedin1974.In2021,theGroup'sannualrevenuereachedNT$5.99trillionandwasranked22ndinthe2021FortuneGlobal500.Itistheworld'slargesttechnologymanufacturerandserviceprovider.WhileheadquarteredinTaiwan,thecompanyisthelargestprivateemployerinthePeople'sRepublicofChinaandoneofthelargestemployersworldwide.[3][4]TerryGouisthecompanyfounderandformerchairman. FoxconnmanufactureselectronicproductsformajorAmerican,Canadian,Chinese,Finnish,andJapanesecompanies.NotableproductsmanufacturedbyFoxconnincludetheBlackBerry,[5]iPad,[6]iPhone,iPod,[7]Kindle,[8]allNintendogamingsystemssincetheGameCube(exceptsubsequentNintendoDSmodels),Nokiadevices,Sonydevices(includingthePlayStation3andPlayStation4gamingconsoles),GooglePixeldevices,Xiaomidevices,everysuccessortoMicrosoft'sfirstXboxconsole,[9]andseveralCPUsockets,includingtheTR4CPUsocketonsomemotherboards.Asof2012,Foxconnfactoriesmanufacturedanestimated40%ofallconsumerelectronicssoldworldwide.[10] FoxconnnamedYoungLiuitsnewchairmanaftertheretirementoffounderTerryGou,effectiveon1July2019.YoungLiuwasthespecialassistanttoformerchairmanTerryGouandtheheadofbusinessgroupS(semiconductor).Analystssaidthehandoversignalsthecompany'sfuturedirection,underscoringtheimportanceofsemiconductors,togetherwithtechnologieslikeartificialintelligence,robotics,andautonomousdriving,afterFoxconn'straditionalmajorbusinessofsmartphoneassemblyhasmatured.[11] Contents 1History 2Internationaloperations 2.1China 2.2Brazil 2.3Europe 2.4India 2.5Japan 2.6Malaysia 2.7Mexico 2.8SouthKorea 2.9UnitedStates 3Majorcustomers 3.1NorthAmerica 3.2Asia 3.3Europe 4Subsidiaries 4.1FIHMobile 4.2Foxtron 4.3FoxlinkGroup 4.3.1ShinfoxEnergy 4.3.1.1FoxwellPower 5Controversies 5.1Workingconditions 5.2Suicides 5.3TheWisconsinValleyProject 5.4Foodpoisoning 6MobilityinHarmonyConsortium 7Seealso 8References 9Furtherreading History[edit] Foxconnconnectorboxtagin2014 TerryGouestablishedHonHaiPrecisionIndustryCo.,Ltd.asanelectricalcomponentsmanufacturerin1974.Foxconn'sfirstmanufacturingplantinChinaopenedinLonghuaTown,Shenzhenin1988.[7] OneoftheimportantmilestonesforFoxconnoccurredin2001whenIntelselectedthecompanytomanufactureitsIntel-brandedmotherboardsinsteadofAsus.[12]ByNovember2007,FoxconnfurtherexpandedwithanannouncedplantobuildanewUS$500millionplantinHuizhou,SouthernChina.[13] InJanuary2012,FoxconnnamedTienChong(Terry)ChengchiefexecutiveofitssubsidiaryFIHMobileLimited.[14]Heresignedthesameyear,citinghealthproblems.[15]Atthistime,Foxconnmadeupapproximately40%ofworldwideconsumerelectronicsproduction.[16] ExpansionwasfurtherpursuedafteraMarch2012acquisitionofa10-percentstakeintheJapaneseelectronicscompanySharpCorporationforUS$806millionandtopurchaseupto50percentoftheLCDsproducedatSharp'splantinSakai,Japan.[17]However,theagreeddealwasbrokenasSharp'ssharescontinuedtoplungeinthefollowingmonths.[18]InSeptember2012,FoxconnannouncedplanstoinvestUS$494millionintheconstructionoffivenewfactoriesinItu,Brazil,creating10,000jobs.[19] In2014,thecompanypurchasedAsiaPacificTelecomandwonsomespectrumlicensesatanauction,whichallowedittooperate4GtelecommunicationsequipmentinTaiwan.[20] On25February2016,Sharpaccepteda¥700billion(US$6.24billion)takeoverbidfromFoxconntoacquireover66percentofSharp'svotingstock.[21]However,asSharphadundisclosedliabilitieswhichwaslaterinformedbySharp'slegalrepresentativetoFoxconn,thedealwashaltedbyFoxconn'sboardofdirectors.Foxconnaskedtocalloffthedeal,butitwasproceededbytheformerSharppresident.TerryGou,inthemeeting,thenwrotetheword"義,"whichmeans"righteousness,"onthewhiteboard,sayingthatFoxconnshouldhonorthedeal.[22]Amonthlater,on30March2016,thedealwasannouncedasfinalizedinajointpressstatement,butatalowerprice.[23] In2016,Foxconn,togetherwithTencentandluxury-cardealerHarmonyNewEnergyAuto,foundedFutureMobility,acarstartupthataimstosellall-electricfullyautonomouspremiumcarsby2020.[24]AFoxconnunit,FoxconnInterconnectTechnology,acquiredBelkinInternationalfor$866mon26March2018.[25] InJul.2019,FoxconnappointedLiu,Young-WayasthenewchairmanoftheGroup,whichwasthenranked25thamongForbesTop100DigitalCompanies.Soonafterward,Foxconn,ledbyYoungLiu,introducedits“3+3ModelforTransformation,prioritizingthethreekeyindustries:electricvehicles,digitalhealth,androboticsindustries.TheGroupisalsocommittedtodevelopingartificialintelligence,semiconductors,andnext-generationcommunicationtechnologies,buildingblocksintheGroup'stechnologystrategy. In2020,Foxconnestablished“HonHaiResearchInstitute,”withfiveresearchcenters,eachhavinganaverageof40hightechnologyR&Dprofessionals,allofwhomarefocusedontheresearchanddevelopmentofnewtechnologies,thestrengtheningofFoxconn’stechnology,andproductinnovationpipeline,effortstosupporttheGroup’stransformationfrom“brawn”to“brains,”andtheenhancementofthecompetitivenessofFoxconn’s“3+3”strategy. Foxconn’s2020revenuewasNT$5,36trillion(US$193billion).[26]CIRCUITSASSEMBLYMagazinenamedFoxconnthelargestelectronicsmanufacturingservicescompanyintheworldforthe14thstraightyear.[27] On5February2020,FoxconnstartedproducingmedicalmasksandclothingatitsShenzhenfactoryinChinaduringtheChineseNewYearandtheheightoftheCOVID-19pandemic.Thecompanyinitiallysaidthemasksitmakeswouldbeforinternalemployeeuse.Theoutbreakofcoronavirusdisease2019ledtoaworldwidespikeindemandformasks,resultinginglobalshortages.[28]Inalettertoemployees,ChairmanYoungLiusaid,"IrememberclearlyhowtouchingitwaswhenLonghuaParkproducedourfirstmaskat4:41amon5February.ItwasthesimplestyetmostimportantproductFoxconnhasevermade.Itnotonlysuppliedthegroup'sneedforepidemicpreventionitalsocontributedtothegeneralpublicandboostedthemoraleofthegroup.Allthatresultedfromourcolleagues'hardwork." FollowingalmostayearofpubliccontroversyregardingitsCOVID-19vaccineshortage;[29][30][31][32]inJune2021,TaiwanagreedtoallowfounderTerryGou,throughhisYonglingFoundationcharity,[29]tojoinwithcontractchipmakerTSMC,andnegotiatepurchasingCOVID-19vaccinesonitsbehalf.[30][29]InJuly2021,BioNTech'sChinesesalesagentFosunPharmaannouncedthatFoxconnandTSMChadreachedanagreementtopurchase10millionBioNTechCOVID-19vaccinesfromGermanyforTaiwan.[29][30]Thetwotechnologymanufacturerspledgedtoeachbuyfivemilliondosesforupto$175million,[29]fordonationtoTaiwan'svaccinationprogram.[30] In2020,FoxconninitiatedMIHAlliancetocreateanopenEVecosystemthatpromotescollaborationinthemobilityindustry,withmorethan2,200companiesjoiningtheopenstandardsinceitslaunch.ThecompanyannouncedplanstobecomemoreinvolvedasacontractassemblerofEVs.Inthesameyear,FoxconnpartneredwithFiatChryslerAutomobilesN.V.andYulonGroupforamoveintoEVs.FoxconnhasbeenholdingtheHonHaiTechDay(HHTD)eventsince2020toshowcaseitslatestachievements.InHHTD21,Foxconnintroducedforthefirsttimethreeself-developedEVmodels:theModelCrecreationalvehicle,theModelEsedan,andtheModelTelectricbus. InJan.2021,FoxconnandGeelyHoldingGroupsignedastrategiccooperativeagreementandwillestablishajointventurecompanytoprovideOEMandcustomizedconsultingservicesrelatingtowholevehicles,parts,intelligentdrivesystems,andautomotiveecosystemplatformstoglobalautomotiveenterprisesandridesharingcompanies.InFebruary2021,itannouncedanagreementwithEVstartupFiskerInc.tojointlyproducemorethan250,000vehiclesayear.InMar.2021,Foxtron,theJVcompanyofFoxconnandYulon,announcedcooperationwithNidectostrengthenthepoweronEVkeycomponentdevelopment. InJul.2021,FoxconnteamedupwithCTBCFinancialHoldingCo.,LtdtocreateanewfundtargetingEVinvestments.InJun.2021,FoxconninvestedT$995.2million($36million)inGigasolarMaterialsCorptodevelopEVbatterymaterials.InSep.2021,FoxconncollaboratedwithThailand’sstate-ownedoilsupplierPTTPublicCo.toinvestUS$1-2billioninlaunchinganEVjointventureinThailand.Inthesamemonth,FoxconnandGogoroformedastrategictechnologyandmanufacturingpartnershiptointroducenewlevelsofmanufacturingcapabilitiesandscaleforGogorobatteryswappingtechnologiesandSmartScooters.InOctober2021,itagreedtopurchaseaformerGMautoplantfromLordstownMotorsandtopurchase$50millionofthecompany'scommonstock.Undertheagreement,FoxconnwouldusetheplanttoproduceLordstown'sEndurancepickuptruck.Fiskervehicleswouldalsobemadeatthesameplant.[33] InJan.2022,FoxconnsignedanMoUwiththeIndonesianMinistryofInvestment/BKPM,IBC,Indika,andGogorotojointlydevelopasustainablenewenergyecosysteminIndonesiathatfocusesonelectricbatteries,electricmobility,andassociatedindustries.InMay.2022,FoxconnannouncedthecompletionoftheLordstownMotorsfacilitypurchaseandfurthersignedacontractmanufacturingagreementandajointventureagreementwithLMCforproductdevelopment. Inmid-year2021,Foxconnannouncedthatthecompanywillenterintomoresemiconductorproductionandwillbeexpandingintosupplyingchipsforelectricvehicles(EVs)andelectronicsequipmentusedforhealthcare.[34]InMay.2021,FoxconnandYageoGroupenteredintoajointventureagreementtoformXSemiCorporation(“XSemi”)toextendthebusinessesintothesemiconductorindustry,includingproductdevelopmentandsales.BasedinHsinchu,Taiwan,XSemiaimstoconsolidatethestrengthsandresourcesofthetwomarketleaders,inadditiontotheupcomingmultifacetedcollaborationswithleadingsemiconductorcompaniesinproductdesign,processandcapacityplanning,andsaleschannel.InAug.2021,FoxconnacquiredaMacronix6-inchWaferFabforUS$90.8mn.InFeb.2022,FoxconnformedajointventurecompanywithVedanta,oneofIndia’sleadingmultinationalgroups,tomanufacturesemiconductorsinIndia.InApril2022,itwasannouncedFoxconnhadacquiredthewirelesstelecommunicationscompany,arQanaTechnologies-withtheneworganizationbeingrebrandedas“iCana".[35]FoxconnalsoannouncedamergerwiththeintegratedcircuitdesigningfirmAchernarTekforanundisclosedamount.TheacquisitionandconsolidationwillhelpFoxconndevelopsemiconductorsfortheautomotivesectorand5Ginfrastructure.[36] Internationaloperations[edit] Foxconnhas137campusesandofficesin24countriesandareasaroundtheglobe.ThemajorityofFoxconn'sfactoriesarelocatedinEastAsia,withothersinBrazil,India,Europe,andMexico.[37] China[edit] OneoftheproductionfloorsinFoxconnfactoryatShenzhen Foxconnhas12factoriesinnineChinesecities—morethaninanyothercountry.[38] ThelargestFoxconnfactoryislocatedinLonghuaTown,Shenzhen,wherehundredsofthousandsofworkers(varyingcountsinclude230,000,[37]300,000,[39]and450,000)[40]areemployedattheLonghuaScience&TechnologyPark,awalledcampus[7]sometimesreferredtoas"FoxconnCity".[41] Coveringabout3 km2(1.2 sq mi),[42]theparkincludes15factories,[41]workerdormitories,4swimmingpools,[43]afirebrigade,[7]itsowntelevisionnetwork(FoxconnTV),[7]andacitycentrewithagrocerystore,bank,restaurants,bookstoreandhospital.[7]Whilesomeworkersliveinsurroundingtownsandvillages,othersliveandworkinsidethecomplex;[44]aquarteroftheemployeesliveinthedormitories. AnotherFoxconnfactory"city"islocatedatZhengzhouTechnologyParkinZhengzhou,Henanprovince,whereareported120,000workersareemployedasof2012.[45]TheparkproducesthebulkofApple'siPhonelineandissometimesreferredtoas''iPhoneCity".[46] Foxconn'sfutureexpansionincludesitesatWuhaninHubeiprovince,Haizhow,KunshaninJiangsuprovince,Tianjin,Beijing,andGuangzhouinGuangdongprovince,China.[38]AFoxconnbranchthatprimarilymanufacturesAppleproductsisHongfujin. On25May2016,theBBCreportedthatFoxconnreplaced60,000employeesbecauseithadautomated"manyofthemanufacturingtasksassociatedwiththeiroperations."Theorganizationlaterconfirmedthoseclaims.[47] InJuly2021,thelargestfloodin1,000yearshittheworld’sbiggestAppleiPhoneassemblyplantinZhengzhou,butproductionwasnotaffected.[48] Brazil[edit] AllcompanyfacilitiesinSouthAmericaarelocatedinBrazil,[49]andtheseincludemobilephonefactoriesinManausandIndaiatubaaswellasproductionbasesinJundiaí,Sorocaba,andSantaRitadoSapucaí.[50]ThecompanyisconsideringfurtherinvestmentsinBrazil.[51] Europe[edit] FoxconnhasfactoriesinHungary,[52]Slovakia,[51]andtheCzechRepublic.[53]Asof2011itwasthesecond-largestexporterintheCzechRepublic.[53] India[edit] Asofmid-2015,FoxconnwasintalkstomanufactureApple'siPhoneinIndia.[54]In2015,FoxconnannouncedthatitwouldbesettinguptwelvefactoriesinIndiaandwouldcreatearoundonemillionjobs.[55]ItalsodiscusseditsintenttoworkwiththeAdaniGroupforexpansioninthecountry.InAugust2015,FoxconninvestedinSnapdeal.TheyalsosignedanmemorandumofunderstandingwiththestategovernmentofMaharashtratosetupanelectronicsmanufacturingplantinMaharashtrawithaninvestmentof$5billionwithina5-yearperiod.[56]InSeptember2016FoxconnstartedmanufacturingproductswithGionee.[57]InApril2019Foxconnreportedthattheyarereadytomass-produceneweriPhonesinIndia.[58]ItsChairmanTerryGousaidthatthemanufacturingwilltakeplaceinthesoutherncityofChennai.[58] Japan[edit] FoxconnandSharpCorporationjointlyoperatetwomanufacturingplantsspecializinginlarge-screentelevisionsinSakai,Osaka.InAugust2012,itwasreportedthatSharp,whiledoingcorporaterestructuringanddownsizing,wasconsideringsellingtheplantstoFoxconn.Thecompanywasbelievedtobereceptivetotheplan.Theacquisitionwascompletedwitha$3.8billiondealinAugust2016.[59] Malaysia[edit] FoxconnTechnologyMalaysiafactoryatKulai,Malaysia Asof2011,FoxconnhadatleastsevenfactoriesintheJohorstate,[60]atKulai,whereitisdevelopinganindustrialparkthatincludesfourfactoriesthatcomprisefullyautomatedassemblylinesaswellasfullyautomatedpackaginglines.[61] Mexico[edit] FoxconnhasafacilityinSanJerónimo,Chihuahuathatassemblescomputers,[62]andtwofacilitiesinJuárez –aformerMotorolaproductionbasethatmanufacturesmobilephones,[63]andaset-topboxfactoryacquiredfromCiscoSystems.[64]LCDtelevisionsarealsomadeinthecountryinTijuanaataplantacquiredfromSony.[65] OnJune2,2022,FoxconnannouncedthattheirMexico-basedproductionplanthadbeenhitbyaransomwareattackinlateMay,disruptingproduction.ThefacilityaffectedwaslocatedinBaja,California,inTijuanaandspecializesintheproductionofconsumerelectronics,medicaldevices,andindustrialproducts.[66] SouthKorea[edit] Thecompanyinvested$377millioninJune2014topickupa4.9percentshareholdinginaSouthKoreanITservicesprovider,SKC&C.[67] UnitedStates[edit] Furtherinformation:FoxconninWisconsin Foxconnannouncedon26July2017thatitwouldbuilda$10billionTVmanufacturingplantinsoutheasternWisconsinandwouldinitiallyemploy3,000workers(settoincreaseto13,000).[68][69]Aspartoftheagreement,Foxconnwassettoreceivesubsidiesrangingfrom$3billionto$4.8billion(paidinincrementsifFoxconnmetcertaintargets),whichwouldbebyfarthelargestsubsidyevergiventoaforeignfirminU.S.history.[70][71][72][73]SomeestimatethatFoxconnisexpectedtocontribute$51.5billiontoWisconsin'sGDPoverthenext15years,whichis$3.4billionannually.[74]However,numerouseconomistshavealsoexpressedskepticismthatthebenefitswouldexceedthecostsofthedeal.[75][76][77][78][79]OthershavenotedthatFoxconnhasmadesimilarclaimsaboutjobcreationinthepastwhichdidnotcometofruition.[70][72][80] FoxconnwasalsoexemptedbyGovernorScottWalkerfromfilinganenvironmentalimpactstatement,promptingcriticismfromenvironmentalists.[81]Theplantwasestimatedtocontributesignificantlytoairpollutionintheregion.[82]EnvironmentalistscriticisedthedecisiontoallowFoxconntodraw26,000cubicmetres(7×10^6 US gal)ofwaterperdayfromLakeMichigan.[72]Givenwaterconcerns,Foxconnisspending$30milliononzeroliquiddischargetechnology.[83]Foxconnisalsorequiredtoreplacewetlandsatahigherratiothanothercompanies;Foxconnmustrestore2acresofwetlandforevery1acredisturbedinsteadoftheratioof1.2to1forothercompanies.[83] Asof4October2017,FoxconnagreedtolocatetheirplantinMountPleasant,Wisconsin,[84]andbrokegroundfortheplant28June2018.PresidentTrumpwasinattendancetopromoteAmericanmanufacturing.[85][86] InJanuary2019,FoxconnsaiditwasreconsideringitsinitialplanstomanufactureLCDscreensattheWisconsinplant,citinghighlabourcostsintheUnitedStates.[87] UnderanewagreementannouncedinApril2021,Foxconnwillreduceitsplannedinvestmentto$672millionwith1,454newjobs.Taxcreditsavailabletotheprojectwerereducedto$8million. InOctober2021,LordstownMotorsannounceda$250milliondealtosellaformerGMplanttoFoxconn,whichwouldbecomeacontractassemblerforthecompany'sEndurancepickuptruck.ThedealwascompletedinMay2022forafinalpriceof$230million.[88]ItwasannouncedFoxconnwouldalsoinvest$50millionintothecompanythroughapurchaseofcommonstock.[33] Majorcustomers[edit] ThefollowinglistconsistsofFoxconn'spresentorpastmajorcustomers.Thelistisprovidedinalphabeticalorder. Theircountryoforiginorbaseofoperationsisinparentheses. NorthAmerica[edit] Amazon.com(UnitedStates)[8] AppleInc.(UnitedStates)[89] BlackBerryLtd.(Canada)[90] Cisco(UnitedStates)[91] Dell(UnitedStates)[92] FiskerInc(UnitedStates)[93] Google(UnitedStates)[94] Hewlett-Packard(UnitedStates)[95] InFocus(UnitedStates) Intel(UnitedStates) Microsoft(UnitedStates)[96][97] MotorolaMobility(UnitedStates)[92] Vizio(UnitedStates)[98] Asia[edit] AcerInc.(Taiwan)[99] Huawei(China)[100] Lenovo(China) Nintendo(Japan)[101] Sega(Japan) Sony(Japan)[102] Toshiba(Japan)[103] Xiaomi(China)[104] Europe[edit] HMDGlobal,underNokiabrand(Finland)[89][105] Subsidiaries[edit] FIHMobile[edit] FIHMobileisasubsidiaryofFoxconn,offeringservicessuchasproductdevelopmentandafter-salessupport.ItwasincorporatedinthetaxhavenoftheCaymanIslandsin2000.[106] On18May2016,FIHMobileannouncedthepurchaseofMicrosoftMobile'sfeaturephonebusiness.MicrosoftMobileVietnamisalsopartofthesaletoFIHMobile,whichconsistsoftheHanoi,Vietnammanufacturingfacility.TherestofthebusinesshasbeensoldtoanewFinland-basedcompanyHMDGlobal,whichstarteddevelopingandsellingnewNokia-brandeddevicesinearly2017.[107][108]ThetotalsaletobothcompaniesamountedtoUS$350million.FIHMobileisnowmanufacturingnewNokia-brandeddevicesdevelopedbyHMD.[109] Foxtron[edit] 鴻華先進科技FoxtronisajointventureofFoxconnandYulonGroupfoundedin2020forvehicularmanufacturingandresearchanddevelopmentofelectricvehicles.[110][111] FoxlinkGroup[edit] FoxlinkGroupisaFoxconnaffiliate.[112] ShinfoxEnergy[edit] ShinfoxEnergyisaFoxlinkGroupsubsidiary.[112] FoxwellPower[edit] FoxwellPowerisasubsidiaryofShinfoxEnergy.FoxwellPowercontractedwithcorporategreat-grandparentFoxconntosupply2.36millionkWhofgreenelectricityin2022.[112] Controversies[edit] Seealso:Appleworkerorganizations Foxconnhasbeeninvolvedinseveralcontroversiesrelatingtoemployeegrievancesortreatment.Foxconnhasmorethanamillionemployees.[113]InChina,itemployedmorepeoplethananyotherprivatecompanyasof2011.[update][51] Workingconditions[edit] Allegationsofpoorworkingconditionshavebeenmadeonseveraloccasions.Newsreportshighlightthelongworkinghours,[41][42]discriminationagainstMainlandChineseworkersbytheirTaiwaneseco-workers,[114]andlackofworkingrelationshipsatthecompany.[115]AlthoughFoxconnwasfoundtobecompliantinthemajorityofareaswhenAppleInc.auditedthemakerofitsiPodsandiPhonesin2007,[7]theauditdidsubstantiateseveraloftheallegations.[116]InMay2010,Shanghaiistreportedthatsecurityguardshadbeencaughtbeatingfactoryworkers.[117] Inreactiontoaspateofnegativepress,particularlythatinvolvingworkersuicidesinwhich14peopledied[118]fromJanuarytoMay2010,SteveJobsdefendedApple'srelationshipwiththecompanyinJune2010,citingthatitsChinesepartneris"prettynice"andis"notasweatshop".[119]Meanwhile,however,areportjointlyproducedby20universitiesinHongKong,Taiwan,andMainlandChinadescribedFoxconnfactoriesaslabourcamps[120]withwidespreadworkerabuseandillegalovertime. Concernsincreasedinearly2012byanarticlepublishedinTheNewYorkTimesinOctober2011.[121]Itreportedevidencethatsubstantiatedsomeofthecriticisms.The2012auditcommissionedbyAppleInc.andperformedbytheFairLaborAssociationfoundthatworkerswereroutinelysubjectedtoinhumaneboutsofovertimeofupto34hourswithoutapayincreaseandsuggestedthatdebilitatingworkplaceaccidentsandsuicidesmaybecommon.[122][123]AHongKongnon-profitorganisation,StudentsandScholarsAgainstCorporateMisbehaviour,haswrittennumerousnegativereportsonFoxconn'streatmentofitsemployees,suchasin2010and2011.[124]Thesetypicallyfindfarworseconditionsthanthe2012FairLabourAssociationauditdid,[125]buttheyrelyonafarsmallernumberofemployeeinformants,circa100to170.[126]TheFairLaborAssociationauditin2012usedinterviewswith35,000Foxconnemployees.[122] InJanuary2012,about150Foxconnemployeesthreatenedtocommitamasssuicideinprotestoftheirworkingconditions.[127]Oneworkersaidtheprotestresultedfrom600workersbeingmovedintoanew"unbearable"factorylocation.[128]InSeptember2012,afightatworkerdormitoriesinTaiyuan,Shanxi,whereaguardallegedlywasbeatingaworker,escalatedintoariotinvolving2,000peopleandwasquelledbysecurity.[129] InOctober2012,thecompanyadmittedthat14-year-oldchildrenhadworkedforashorttimeatafacilityinYantai,ShandongProvince,aspartofaninternshipprogramme,[130]inviolationoftheagelimitof16forlegalworkers.[130]Foxconnsaidthattheworkershadbeenbroughtintohelpdealwithalaborshortage,andXinhuaquotedanofficialsayingthat56underageinternswouldbereturnedtotheirschools.ReutersquotedFoxconnsayingthat2.7percentofitsworkforceinChinawerelong-orshort-terminterns.Inresponsetothescrutiny,Foxconnsaiditwouldcutovertimefromthecurrent20hoursperweektolessthanninehoursaweek.[130] Also,inOctober2012,therewasacrisisconcerninganinjuredworkerinwhich26-year-oldZhangTingzhen[131]sufferedanelectricshockandfellinafactoryaccident[132]ayearearlier.Hisdoctorsdidimmediatesurgerytoremovepartofhisbrain,[133]"[afterwhich]helosthismemoryandcanneitherspeak,walk".[134]Whenhisfatherattemptedtogetcompensationin2012,[133]ReutersreportedthatFoxconntoldthefamilytotransportandsubmithimforadisabilityassessmentinHuizhou70 kmaway,oritwouldcutofffundingforhistreatment.[131]Hisdoctorsprotestedthemoveforfearofabrainhaemorrhageenroute,[134]andthecompanystatedthatitwasactingwithinlabourlaws.[132][135]HisfamilylatersuedFoxconnin2012andarguedincourtthatTingzhenhadbeensummonedtothewrongcity.[131]In2014,acourtruledthathehadtobeassessedinHuizhoutoreceivecompensation,withFoxconnofferingasettlementforthefathertorecanthiscriticisms,whichwasrefused.[133] InFebruary2015,BeijingNewsreportedthatanofficialwiththeAllChinaFederationofTradeUnion(ACFTU),GuoJun,saidthatFoxconnallegedlyforcedemployeestoworkovertime,resultinginoccasionaldeathbykarōshiorsuicide.Junalsosaidthattheillegalovertimeresultedfromalackofinvestigationandlightpunishments.Foxconn,inreturn,issuedastatementquestioningGuo'sallegations,arguingworkerswantedtoworkovertimetoearnmoremoney.[136] InNovember2017,theFinancialTimesreportedthatithadfoundseveralstudentsworking11-hourdaysattheiPhoneXplantinHenanprovince,violatingthe40-hour-per-weekmandateforchildren.Inresponse,Foxconnannouncedthatithasstoppedtheinterns'illegalovertimeworkatthefactoryinwhich3,000studentshadbeenhiredthatSeptember.[137] Since2016,Foxconnhasbeenreplacingitsworkforcewithrobots,whichhavereplaced50%ofFoxconn'slaborforcein2016,andthereareplansforcompletelyautomatedfactories.[138] In2019,areportwasissuedbyTaiwanNewsstatingthatsomeofFoxconn'smanagershadfraudulentlyusedrejectedpartstobuildiPhones.[139] Suicides[edit] Mainarticle:Foxconnsuicides SuicidesamongFoxconnworkershaveattractedthemedia'sattention.[140]AmongthefirstcasestoattractattentioninthepresswasthedeathofSunDanyong,a25-year-oldmanwhocommittedsuicideinJuly2009afterreportingthelossofaniPhone4[141]prototypeinhispossession.[142]AccordingtoTheTelegraph,SunDanyonghadbeenbeatenbysecurityguards.[128] Therewasalsoaseriesofsuicidesspeculativelylinkedtolowpayin2010,thoughemployeesalsonotedthatFoxconnpaidhigherwagesthansimilarjobs.[140]Inreactiontoaspateofworkersuicidesinwhich14peoplediedin2010,[118]Foxconninstalledsuicide-preventionnettingatthebaseofbuildingsinsomefacilities[143]andpromisedtooffersubstantiallyhigherwagesatitsShenzhenproductionbases.[144]In2011,FoxconnalsohiredthePRfirmBurson-Marstellertohelpdealwiththenegativepublicityfromthesuicides.Thatyear,thenetsseemedtohelplowerthedeathrate,althoughatleastfouremployeesdiedbythrowingthemselvesoffbuildings.[128] InJanuary2012,therewasaprotestbyworkersaboutconditionsinWuhan,with150workersthreateningtocommitmasssuicideiffactoryconditionswerenotimproved.[128]In2012andinto2013,threeyoungFoxconnemployeeswerereportedtohavediedbyjumpingoffbuildings.[128]InJanuary2018,anothersuicidewasreportedbyafactoryworker,after31-yearoldLiMingjumpedtohisdeathoffabuildinginZhengzhou,wheretheiPhoneXwasbeingmanufactured.[128] TheWisconsinValleyProject[edit] Mainarticle:FoxconninWisconsin Theprojectoriginallycommittedin2017toinvesting$10billionandemployingupto13,000workersbuthasnowshrunkto$672millionwith1,454jobs. Foodpoisoning[edit] On15December2021,256workersatFoxconn'sSriperumbudurfactorydevelopedAcuteDiarrhoealDiseaseduetofoodpoisoningaftereatingfoodatthecompany-providedhostel.Asaresultofwhich,159workerswerehospitalized.[145]Theworkerswereprovidednoinformationaboutthis,duetowhicharumorstartedspreadingamongtheworkersthroughWhatsappthattwoworkershaddied.[146]By17Decemberthereweresit-inprotestsinworkerdormitories,by10pmofthesameday,thousandsofwomenworkersofthefactorystagedprotestsontheChennai-Bengalurunationalhighway,[147]thiswasmetbypolicedetainmentof67womenprotestorsandarrestofonejournalist,withmanyofthembeingreleasedadaylater.[148]Followingtheproteststhefactorywasshutdownforaweek,withthestategovernmentanddistrictadministrationinvestigatingtheworkerconditions.On22DecembertheFoodSafetyDepartmentsealedthekitchenofthedormitory[149]findingratsandpoordrainage.Theroomsprovidedtoworkerswereovercrowded,withthembeingforcedtosleeponthefloor,someevenlackingtoiletswitharunningwatersupply.[150]Followingtherevelationofsubstandardlivingconditions,on29DecemberAppleputtheFoxconnplantonprobation,withbothAppleandFoxconnissuingstatementsonthedormitoryanddiningroomsconditions.[151]InJanuary2022,afterassuringAppleandtheTamilNadugovernmentthatithadtakenthenecessarycorrectivemeasures,Foxconnbeganreopeningitsfactoryandresumingworkinphases.[152][153] 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Furtherreading[edit] Barboza,David(18February2012)."FoxconnPlanstoLiftPaySharplyatFactoriesinChina".TheNewYorkTimes. Duhigg,Charles&Barboza,David(25January2012)."HumanCostsAreBuiltIntoaniPad".TheNewYorkTimes.{{citenews}}:CS1maint:usesauthorsparameter(link) Dzieza,Josh(19October2020)."The8thWonderoftheWorld".TheVerge. Kristof,NicholasD.&WuDunn,Sheryl(24September2000)."TwoCheersforSweatshops".TheNewYorkTimes.{{citenews}}:CS1maint:usesauthorsparameter(link) Ngai,Pun,andJennyChan."Globalcapital,thestate,andChineseworkers:TheFoxconnexperience."ModernChina38.4(2012):383-410.online Weir,Bill(21February2012)."iFactory:InsideApple".Nightline.ABCTV. WikimediaCommonshasmediarelatedtoFoxconn. vteFoxconnPeople TerryGou Subsidiaries SmartTechnologies Belkin InnoLuxCorporation SharpCorporation Products EnTourageeDGe UltraATX Plants FoxconninWisconsin LonghuaScienceandTechnologyPark Incidents 2011ChengduFoxconnexplosion Foxconnsuicides Foxconnunion vteElectronicsindustryinTaiwanSemiconductor PowerchipTechnology TSMC UMC VanguardInternationalSemiconductor Alchip ALi Himax MediaTek Ralink Winbond Realtek SiS VIATechnologies SiPdesign AOCInternational Himax MediaTek Ralink Microtek Transcend Other Accton Acer ADATA ASRock Asus AUOptronics BenQ Biostar Delta DFI D-Link DrayTek ECS Foxconn Geekom Gigabyte HTC Innodisk Leadtek MSI Palit PowerColor QNAP SampoCorporation SynologyInc. 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