California Orangedog / Citrus / Agriculture: Pest Management ...

The California orangedog, or black anise swallowtail, is a native butterfly that feeds on both perennial anise (sweet fennel) and citrus.   Entersearchtextabove. Home,Garden,Turf&Landscape Home&Garden PlantPestDiagnosticTool RetailNurseries&GardenCenters LandscapeProfessionals UCMasterGardeners Agriculture PestManagementGuidelines DecisionSupportTool Weather,Models&Degree-Days InvasiveandExoticPests NaturalEnvironment AboutUCIPM WhatWeDo StrategicPlan2015–2025 2015AnnualReport UCIPMPrograms ProgramReview Galleries VideoGallery WeedGallery NaturalEnemiesGallery Glossary Links Publications&Newsletters PesticideInformation Tools BeePrecautionPesticideRating DecisionSupportTool PlantPestDiagnosticTool SeasonalLandscapeIPMChecklist Weather,Models&Degree-Days Training&Events WhatisIPM? RecursosenEspañol   ×Close Imageinformationandcredit Agriculture Citrus CaliforniaOrangedog OnThisPage DescriptionofthePest Damage Management DescriptionofthePest (ViewCaterpillarIDKey)(PDF) TheCaliforniaorangedog,orblackaniseswallowtail,isanativebutterflythatfeedsonbothperennialanise(sweetfennel)andcitrus.Duringitsdevelopment,thecaterpillarchangesfromamottledbrowntoawhitishgreenandbrightgreenwithyellowandblackspotsoneachsegment.Maturelarvaeareabout1.5inch(3.7cm)long.Whendisturbed,alllarvalstagesstickoutorange-coloredscentglandsandgiveoffastrongodor. Damage Orangedogcaterpillarsfeedontendercitrusleaves,occasionallydefoliatingyoungtreesbutrarelycausingeconomicdamageinmatureorchards. Management ManagementofCaliforniaorangedogmayoccasionallybenecessaryinyoungorchards.Useselective(i.e.,thosethataretoxiconlytoanarrowgroupofinsects)insecticidestoconservenaturalenemies. BiologicalControl ParasitesareoftenhighlyeffectiveincontrollingCaliforniaorangedog,especiallythewaspHyposotersp. CulturalControl Californiaorangedogpreferssweetfennel,whichmaybeinterplantedasatrapcropinstripswithcitrusandmowedregularlyaftertheegg-layingpeakineachgeneration. OrganicallyAcceptableMethods UsebiologicalandculturalcontrolsandspraysofBacillusthuringiensisonorganicallymanagedcitrus. MonitoringandTreatmentDecisions IfapesticideapplicationisneededforinfestationsofCaliforniaorangedogonimmaturetrees,Bacillusthuringiensisgenerallyprovidessufficientcontrol. Commonname Amounttouse REI‡ PHI‡ (Exampletradename) (typeofcoverage)** (hours) (days) Pesticideprecautions Protectwater CalculateVOCs Protectbees Notallregisteredpesticidesarelisted.ThefollowingarerankedwiththepesticideshavingthegreatestIPMvaluelistedfirst—themosteffectiveandleastharmfultonaturalenemies,honeybees,andtheenvironmentareatthetopofthetable.Whenchoosingapesticide,considerinformationrelatingtoairandwaterquality,resistancemanagement,andthepesticide'spropertiesandapplicationtiming.Alwaysreadthelabeloftheproductbeingused. A. BACILLUSTHURINGIENSISssp.KURSTAKI# (various) Labelrates(OC) 4 0 RANGEOFACTIVITY:Pests:narrow(caterpillars);Naturalenemies:none PERSISTENCE:Pests:short;Naturalenemies:none MODE-OF-ACTIONGROUPNUMBER1:11A COMMENTS:Canbeusedduringbloom.Timingisimportantbecauseofshortresidualperiod.Uselowerratesforyoungerwormsorsmallertrees.Applyonlyduringwarmdryweathertocontrolyoung,activelyfeedingworms.Usereducedwindvelocityanddrive3mph. B. CRYOLITE (ProkilCryolite96) 8–20lb/acre(OC) 12 15 (Kryocide) 8–20lb/acre(OC) 12 15 RANGEOFACTIVITY:Pests:intermediate(foliagefeederssuchasworms,katydids,andFullerrosebeetle);Naturalenemies:few,ifany PERSISTENCE:Pests:long,unlesswashedoffbyrain;Naturalenemies:nonetoshort MODE-OF-ACTIONGROUPNUMBER1:8C COMMENTS:Checklabelforvariety.Usehigherrateforlargertrees.Slow-actingstomachpoisonthatmaytakeseveraldaysofwarmweathertokillworms.Usereducedwindvelocityandaspeedof3mph.UseofProkilCryolite96allowedunderasupplementallabel. C. METHOXYFENOZIDE (Intrepid2F) 8–16floz/acre 4 1 RANGEOFACTIVITY:Pests:narrow(caterpillars);Naturalenemies:few PERSISTENCE:Pests:intermediate;Naturalenemies:short MODE-OF-ACTIONGROUPNUMBER1:18 ** OC-Outsidecoverageuses100to250galwater/acre. ‡ Restrictedentryinterval(REI)isthenumberofhours(unlessotherwisenoted)fromtreatmentuntilthetreatedareacanbesafelyenteredwithoutprotectiveclothing.Preharvestinterval(PHI)isthenumberofdaysfromtreatmenttoharvest.InsomecasestheREIexceedsthePHI.Thelongeroftwointervalsistheminimumtimethatmustelapsebeforeharvest. # Acceptableforuseonorganicallygrownproduce. 1 Rotatechemicalswithadifferentmode-of-actiongroupnumber,anddonotuseproductswiththesamemode-of-actiongroupnumbermorethantwiceperseasontohelppreventthedevelopmentofresistance.Forexample,theorganophosphateshaveagroupnumberof1B;chemicalswitha1Bgroupnumbershouldbealternatedwithchemicalsthathaveagroupnumberotherthan1B.Mode-of-actiongroupnumbers(un=unknownoruncertainmodeofaction)areassignedbyIRAC(InsecticideResistanceActionCommittee). UCIPMPestManagementGuidelines:Citrus UCANRPublication3441 E.E.Grafton-Cardwell(emeritus),LindcoveResearchandExtensionCenter,ExeterandEntomology,UCRiversideJ.G.Morse(emeritus),Entomology,UCRiverside(emeritus)D.R.Haviland,UCIPMandUCCooperativeExtensionKernCountyB.A.Faber,UCCooperativeExtensionVenturaCounty AcknowledgementforContributionstoInsects,Mites,andOtherInvertebrates J.Barcinas,E.S.I.,CoronaB.N.Cass,EntomologyandNematology,UCDavisJ.Gorden,PestManagementAssociates,ExeterH.M.Kahl,EntomologyandNematology,UCDavisC.E.Kallsen,UCCooperativeExtensionKernCountyD.Machlitt,ConsultingEntomologyServices,CamarilloT.Roberts,PCA,IntegratedConsultingEntomology,VenturaJ.A.Rosenheim,EntomologyandNematology,UCDavisJ.Stewart,PestManagementAssociates,ExeterP.Washburn,Washburn&SonsCitrusPestControl,Riverside TextUpdated:02/17 TreatmentTableUpdated:02/17