Global warming - SEG Wiki

Global warming is the unusual increase of temperature in the Earth's surface. Global warming is when the Sun's energy enters the atmosphere ... Globalwarming ADVERTISEMENT FromSEGWiki Jumpto: navigation, search GlobalwarmingistheunusualincreaseoftemperatureintheEarth’ssurface.GlobalwarmingiswhentheSun'senergyenterstheatmosphereandheatstheEarthbylightwaves.TheenergywarmstheEarth,andthenre-radiatesinfraredwavesbackintospace.Someoftheinfraredradiationgoingintospaceisnaturallytrappedbytheatmosphere,whichkeepsthetemperaturesonEarthmoderate.ThethinlayerofEarth'satmosphereisnowbeingthickenedbylargeamountsofhuman-causedgreenhousegases,likecarbondioxide.ThethickeningofEarth'satmospheretrapstheinfraredradiation,whichthenwarmsthetemperatureofEarth'satmosphereandoceans.Overthepastcenturythetemperaturehasbeenrapidlyincreasingbecauseofgreenhousegasescausedbyburningfossilfuels.[1] Contents 1Temperaturechanges 1.1Causesoftemperaturechange 2Environmentaleffects 3Prevention 4Seealso 5References 6Externallinks Temperaturechanges Earth’stemperaturesarecreatedwithanaturalgreenhouseeffectfromtheSun.About30percentofsunlightisreflectedbackintospacebecauseofcloudsandice.Theother70percentofsunlightisabsorbedbythelandandocean.Ourplanetisheatedbythesolarenergy.Withoutagreenhouseeffect,theEarth’saveragetemperaturewouldbe-18°Celsius(0°F)insteadofourtemperatureof15°Celsius(59°F).Today’satmospherecontainsmoregreenhousegasmolecules,somoreoftheinfraredenergyisabsorbed.TheextraenergyfromawarmeratmosphereradiatesbacktothesurfaceandincreasesEarth’ssurfacetemperature.Between1906and2005,theglobalaveragesurfacetemperaturehasrosefrom0.6to0.9°Celsius(1.1°to1.6°F).TheriseofcarbondioxideisexpectedtoraisetheEarth'stemperatureanother3°Fahrenheitto9°Fahrenheitbytheendofthecentury.Since2000,13ofthe15warmestyearshaveoccurred,2014beingthewarmestyearonrecordand2015rankingasjustaswarmorwarmer.2015is1.53°Fahrenheitabovethe20thcenturyaverage,and0.16°Fahrenheitaheadof2010.[2] GlobalTemperatureIndexfrom1880to2006;RetrievedfromNASA Causesoftemperaturechange Greenhousesgasescausetemperaturechanges.Greenhousegasesallowlightfromthesuntoenterinouratmosphere,andwarmuptheairduetotrappedinfraredradiation. 80%oftotalgreenhousegasemissionsarecausedbyCarbondioxide(CO2).CO2isreleasedintoouratmospherewhenweburnfossilfuels(oil,naturalgas,andcoal),solidwasteandtreesandwoodproducts.Deforestationandsoildegradationalsoaddcarbondioxideintotheatmosphere. 60%ofmethanegasiscausedmyhumans,intheformsof,landfills,farming,wastewatertreatmentandfossilfuelburning.Methanegasisemittedduringtheproductionandtransportofcoal,naturalgas,andoil. Nitrousoxide(N2O)isnaturallyoccurring,buthumanshavecauseda17%increaseinreleaseintheatmosphereduetofertilizers,cropresiduesandtheburningofforests.Nitrousoxideisemittedduringagricultureandindustrialactivities,andduringcombustionoffossilfuelsandsolidwaste. Sulfurhexafluoride(SF6),perfluorocarbons(PFC),andhydrofluorocarbons(HFC)allcontainfluorineandareexclusivelyproducedbyhumanactivity.Thesegasesareemittedfromindustrialprocessesandcommercialandhouseholduses. Watervaporisanaturalgreenhousegasthatincreasesinvolumewhentemperatureswarm,whichmagnifiestheartificialgreenhousegases.[3] GlobalCO2EmissionsfromMajorCountriesfrom1959-2011;RetrievedfromFlickr Environmentaleffects Thewarmertheoceansget,themoreintensestormsbecome.Whenthetoplayeroftheoceanwarmsitcreatesconvectionenergy,whichcancausepowerfulhurricanes.Thereisalsoacorrelationbetweenglobalwarmingandthenumberperyear,durationandintensityofhurricanes.Whenthetemperatureofwaterincreases,thewindvelocityandmoisturecondensationincreasesalso.Whentheoceanwarmsthemoisturecontentincreasesforstorms,whichcausesstormstobedownpours.Theselargedownpoursthathappenallatonce,createeventslikefloods,whichhavebeenincreasinginnumbersdecadetodecade.Someofthesestormsarerelocatedandthenleadotherareastohavedroughts.WarmertemperatureshavecausedArticSeaicetomelt,whichcausesspringmeltingtooccurearlierandautumnfreezingtooccurlater.Globalwarminghascausedsoilthatisfrozenpermanentlyorpermafrosttomelt.Warmertemperaturesalsocausestheretreatofglaciers,whentheseglaciersmelt,theyaddmorewaterintotheoceans,whichcausessealevelrise.[1] NorthwesternGlaciermelt,Alaskain1940and2005;RetrievedfromNASA Prevention Limitingtheamountofenergyinyourhomebyusingenergyefficientlightbulbsandappliances,andknowinghowtousetheappliancesproperly. Useairconditionerandheateronlywhennecessary,andmakesureyourhouseisproperlyinsulated. Usehotwatersparinglyandusecoldwaterwhenwashingclothesanddishes. Unplugapplianceswhennotusingthem. Reducedrivinganduseothermeansoftransportationlikewalking,bikingorcarpooling. Recycleandusereusablebagsforpurchasesanduserefillablewaterbottles.[4] Seealso Othercloselyrelatedarticlesinthiswikiinclude: Earthsystemscience GreenhouseGases Permafrost Drought Flood Glacier References [5] [6] [7] Externallinks [1]NASA'sdetailedglobalclimatechangeprojections [2]NASAexplainssealevelriseimpactedbyglobalwarming [3]NASAexplainsthewarmingseasandmeltingicesheets [4]InformationonArcticclimatechange [5]InformationonrisingtemperaturesthataremeltingCalifornia'scriticalsnowpack [6]TEDTalks:Climatechange:Oh,it'sreal.playlist ↑1.01.1Gore,A.(2006).AnInconvenientTruth:ThePlanetaryEmergencyofGlobalWarmingandWhatWeCanDoAboutIt.NewYork,NewYork:RodalePress. ↑Riebeek,H.(2010,June3).GlobalWarming :FeatureArticles.RetrievedOctober16,2015,fromhttp://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/GlobalWarming/ ↑IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange.(n.d.).ClimateChangeIndicatorsintheUnitedStates.RetrievedNovember20,2015,fromhttp://www3.epa.gov/climatechange/science/indicators/ghg/ ↑Viñas,M.-J.,&Rasmussen,C.(2015,August26).Warmingseasandmeltingicesheets[GlobalClimateChange].RetrievedOctober2,2015,fromhttp://climate.nasa.gov/news/2328/ ↑Whaley,J.,2017,OilintheHeartofSouthAmerica,https://www.geoexpro.com/articles/2017/10/oil-in-the-heart-of-south-america],accessedNovember15,2021. ↑Wiens,F.,1995,PhanerozoicTectonicsandSedimentationofTheChacoBasin,Paraguay.ItsHydrocarbonPotential:Geoconsultores,2-27,accessedNovember15,2021;https://www.researchgate.net/publication/281348744_Phanerozoic_tectonics_and_sedimentation_in_the_Chaco_Basin_of_Paraguay_with_comments_on_hydrocarbon_potential ↑Alfredo,Carlos,andClebschKuhn.“TheGeologicalEvolutionoftheParaguayanChaco.”TTUDSpaceHome.TexasTechUniversity,August1,1991.https://ttu-ir.tdl.org/handle/2346/9214?show=full. 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